A single colony cannot depart from its mother country and lead a revolution; only a whole united nation, such as that of the American colonies, could successfully detach themselves from Mother England. One must take into consideration that up until the eve of revolution, much had happened in the time era of 1607-1776, where the British were still very involved in the American lifestyle and there was no unity within the nation, nevertheless the colonies.
However, after the numerous acts imposed by the so called mother that should’ve taken care of the colonist, more Americans saw the light and realized their place in society as Patriotic Americans rather than Britons. Thus, by the Eve of the revolution, America had built a great sense of unity within its people and a very sharp sense of identity as a community. Whether socially, politically, or any other way, the American identity and unity of the people was evident in all facets of lifestyle.
Initially, when the first colonists had just arrived at the wild lands of America, they were already men, united by their will and courage to get up and leave their homeland in order to create a better future for their descendants. As the times went on, the colonies had to face hardships while tackling Native Americans, and to battle them successfully, they had to do so in unison.
Regarding the documents, as Document C demonstrates, by the end of most of the imposed acts in 1774, the Americans had become united as one to fight any force objecting their belief system, and the amount of those objecting the British and uniting with the rest are expanding. “…all North American is now most firmly united and as firmly resolved to defend their liberties ad infinitum against every power on earth that may attempt to take them away. The most effectual measures are everywhere taking to secure a sacred observance of the Association.
Manufactures go rapidly on and the means of repelling force by force are universally adopting. ” Although the patriots who fought for their liberties were tightly knit, a group of loyalist had laid between those patriots, circling around 15-20% of the white population, around 500,000 people. However, this figure relates to the times leading up to the eve of the revolution, not at that point exactly. By that time, many loyalists had become either indifferent or patriotic, due to the fact that some of the acts did not have direct effect on them, thus they did not care.
However, only about 19000 of those actually fought in the revolution, which is a meaningless number compared to the number of patriots against them, and 100,000 loyalists eventually fled the colonies, leaving the patriots behind as one whole single unit. Thus, since in every situation, there will always be a minority group that is the outcaste and is greatly outnumbered, and since nothing is obsolete, the loyalists don’t exactly qualify as a part of the nation that isn’t united.
The statement above does not disregard the loyalists and consider them to have not existed, but is concluded due to the fact that a great majority of them didn’t actually do anything about what they believed, leaving them as neutral. In addition, Document G gives the reader a taste of how united the community was between states, not just in random groups of patriots. It holds a chart, describing the donations made for the relief of Boston in 1774 and 1775, by the colony of Connecticut. For example, Hartford town donated 1400 bushels of grain, Wethersfield donated 248. bushels of rye and 390 bushels of Indian corn, Windham contributed a small flock of sheep, etc. Regarding the economy in the colonies, they had united through each other’s trades, by feeding off of every area’s goods. For example, tobacco, cotton, and wheat from Virginia for example would be used throughout the colonies, and the fish, fur, and artifacts from New England would also be distributed all the way to the South, ensuring everyone’s share in all goods. In addition to unity by the end of the revolution, the colonies had developed a definite sense of identity.
According to Document H, which was published two years before the end of the revolution in 1781, becoming an American was ‘by being received in the broad lap of our great Alma Mater. Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whole labours and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world. American identity meant being a mixture of European, Native American, and even African American blood and culture. Looking back at the times when the colonies were just being set up by the first arriving colonists, from that point, the spirit of the colonists had been that of fighters.
They had fought to build a community out of nothing, and although they initially failed, they tried again. They fought the Indians numerous times in order to protect what was theirs, and during the time of the acts, towards the time of the revolution, they had fought again for what was theirs; their inalienable rights. Thus, the American identity had not only been formed uniquely through a mixture of cultures, but was also shaped through their experiences away from their motherland. In addition to an overall American identity, each individual colony had formed a solid character.
For example, Rhode Island was known as a tolerant colony accepting all individuals, where Virginia was known for its strict emphasis on religion. The Northern colonies were known for their merchants, artisans, and trading skills, while the south had built amazing plantations and provided crop. In addition, the government of each colony was also a vital aspect of a colony’s individuality. For example, in Virginia, there was a ruling House of Burgesses, Massachusetts and New York were known for their Representative assemblies and Massachusetts especially for its commonwealth, etc.
Some colonies such as Pennsylvania permitted house meetings to discuss concerns of the citizens, and in the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, even the first constitution was written. Thus, each colony knew it’s identity regarding its special trade and expertise, as well as government body. And the American society as a whole, had known right from the start when they set up these autonomous governments that they would want to be ruled in a Democratic manner, as they have been ruled in each individual colony.
That is evident in the Declaration of Independence, written in 1776 by a group of wise men, where they fully declare no connection anymore to the British, denounce the attitude Britain has had towards them, and described the identity of the people by showing that they’ll fight for their rights and are a people of democracy. Consequently, the American society had developed a clear sense of identity in its earlier days due to the hardships they had to face, not to mention by the eve of the revolution.
To conclude, the colonies had started off with some uniting factors and a vague sense of identity, however, as time went by, the nation was as united a nation could possibly be, and the colonists had a clear and fixed identity. What had brought the colonists unity throughout the decade and a half were the hardships they had to face, the acts they had to fight together to protect their rights, their economic state which brought them together from all over the colonies in order to benefit from everyone’s goods, etc.
Their identity had also congealed over the years, as it was shaped through their experiences of structuring a new nation, their involvement and mixture with other cultures had created one unique race of Americans, and their environment had caused each individual colony to also form its own area of expertise. However, one must not be confused with the fact that although by the eve of revolution America was already shaped; there were still those who did not fit in with the community, such as loyalists, who some only after the revolution fled back to England.
In addition, although they had set their identity so far, it was not engraved in stone and as the times would continue to change, even during the revolution itself, the character of America would not be the same. In addition, although the Americans were united enough to create a successful revolution, apparently they did not know their identity enough and were not integrated enough to sustain a god standard of living, since as they declared independence and the revolution was over, their independent life had not been immediately successful and self-sufficient.
DBQ: Swahili Vs. Hansa
Trading during the Post-classical era from 1000-1450 C. E. were what the many civilizations at that time heavily relied on, it had flourished and arouse to the point where many alliances were created. Many big cities were most notably successful in their trading and alliances. Smaller cities were also able to succeed by having alliance with one another; German Hansa in North Europe and the Swahili cities along the coast of East Africa were among the most successful cities in their trade organizations. Hansa and Swahili shared many similarities; they both craved for money and desired to emphasize their trading sites to extend.
Their differences were as important, they were different in their economical, cultural aspects as to how trade might of intergraded with their cities as well as expanded. The given documents explain how the growth of trade influenced the changes in its cultural, economic, and political development. Documents one, three, five, and nine explain the economical developments which trade provoked. Document one written by an Archeologist who has researched the area around Swahili, he depicts the golden and silver coins found around those cities.
The Archeologists point of view is that as an archeologist trying to prove his theory that trade was much more relevant around the cities of which he had found the coin, he just basically wants to prove his theory that trade was massive in those cities of Swahili. Historically by the 11th and 12th centuries, trade had brought tremendous wealth to coastal east Africa making the life of many especially local rules of the cities by strengthening their own authority and increasing their influence in society by being able to control their people/policies and taxing trade.
An additional document needed is a document in which it may enlist the many trades that the Swahili people have completed as well as the major routes of trade. Document three written by Joao de Barros, a Portuguese merchant and soldier, depicts how the Muslims were able to obtain a trade system with Kilwa. As a merchant and a soldier of Portugal, Joao de Barros point of view is that he wishes to trade with the Kilwa as well in other to make more money for himself as well as for his country to have an agreement of trade with the Kilwa peoples.
Historically during the 1520s African trade consisted of trading slaves to most of South America as well as Europe, and also at that time Kilwa was one of the best when it came to trading gold and transacting it to merchants (Muslim). An additional document need would be one from a Muslim merchant as well as from a Kilwa merchant expressing their points of views. Document five written by Abdul Hassan ibn Ali al Mas’udi, an Arab traveler, a merchant and a geographer, depicts the trading system used by the Zanj with China and India.
As a merchant, traveler, and geographer Mas’udi’s point of view is that he finds out trading sites to which he may inform the king about and also wants to make these trading sites sound amazing. Historically during the late 10th century C. E. trade with India developed in East African coast, markets became focused on urban centers along the coast with concentrations of wealth and power. An additional document needed is that of a geographical map around which shows specific trading sites/systems near the East African coast. Document nine is a document in which it specifically shows Hansa and its trade products.
The point of view for this document is that it depicts Hansa’s wealth and expansion in trade showing why Hansa is so big in trade. Historically the Hansa traded with many to which their priority was to excel in trade and obtain money from it. An additional document needed can be from a merchant of which have traded with the Hansa expressing the point of views as well as explaining the trading system/techniques of the Hansa. Documents one, two, and seven explain the cultural aspects to which due to trade the Hansa and the Swahili were able to adopt/gain.
Document one written by an Archeologist who has researched the area around Swahili, he talks about the golden and silver coins found around those cities. The Archeologists point of view is that as an archeologist he is trying to prove his theory that trade among the Swahili people did exist and that it was able to affect them culturally. Historically by the 11th and 12th centuries, trade had brought tremendous wealth to coastal east Africa were now many villages made new transformations like going from mud houses to stone mosques and buildings and dressing in fine cottons and silk.
An additional document needed is a document in which it may enlist the many trades that the Swahili people have completed as well as the major routes of trade. Document two written by a member of the German Hansa, depicts the many cities located in Hansa as well as how trade has politically and culturally affected those cities. The authors’ point of view for document two is that as a member of the Hansa, he wants to keep trade among his people to secure his people of their needs.
Historically during 1469 the German Hansa had many good exchange goods of Baltic with cloth, linens, manufactured goods, among others to which the English council wanted to obtain so they arrested Hansa merchants and took over their land and trade remarks . An additional document needed is one from the English Privy council in reply to this note by the Hansa. Document seven written by Ibn Battuta, a Muslim traveler and a quadi (a religious judge), is a document where he talks about meeting AbuBakr in Mogadishu.
Ibn Battuta’s point of view is that as a traveler he would like to make a compromise with the cities located in the coasts of East Africa during 1331 C. E. An additional document needed is from the king of Swahili. Documents two, four, six, and eight depict many of the political changes and developments that underwent throughout the time of which trade made these cities wealthy. Document two written by a member of the German Hansa, depicts the many cities located in Hansa as well as how trade has politically and culturally affected those cities.
The authors’ point of view for document two is that as a member of the Hansa, he wants to keep trade among his people and his people only and block the English from taking something else against them. Historically during 1469 the German Hansa had many good exchange goods of Baltic with cloth, linens, manufactured goods, among others to which the English council wanted to obtain so they arrested Hansa merchants and took over their land and trade remarks . An additional document needed is one from the English Privy council in reply to this note by the Hansa.
Document four written by a member of the Hansa is a document of the Declaration of the Hanseatic League for the prosecution of war against Denmark and Norway. As a member of the Hansa his point of view is that because of the war he wants to make sure that were his stance is in trade stays secure and that the war may not affect nor destroy it. Historically the Hansa was an economic alliance of trading to which cities and their guilds dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe so this war was when the Hansa had to protect their investments in trade. An additional document needed is something stating the wars against Denmark and Norway.
Document eight written by a member of Rostock states the contingents of armed men. His point of view is that they stated the ivory of which was used as an object to trade. Historically in 1483 ivory was largely and most likely used as protection in the Hansa unlike silver and gold. An additional document needed is a map of which it depicts the routes to which most of the ivory was traded to and from. Trade Trade is the voluntary, often asymmetric, exchange of goods, services, or money. Trade is also called commerce or transaction. A mechanism that allows trade is called a market.
The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and services. Later one side of the barter were the… GuildA guild is an association of craftsmen in a particular trade. The earliest guilds were formed as confraternities of workers. They were organized in a manner something between a trade union, a cartel and a secret society… During the post-classical era the German Hans and the Swahili cities heavily relied on trade which then arouse and flourished into diverse expansion. The given documents explain how the growth of trade influenced the changes in its cultural, economic, and political development.
Three Little Pigs
I will stage The Three Little Pigs in such a way that the play will fit a tragicomic style. To achieve this end, the costumes of the characters will have to be absurd to the point of hilarity. The three little pigs will not be “little” but rather big enough to see that they do not fit together inside any one of their houses. The big bad wolf will look anything but “bad” or “mean”. The wolf will not have protruding fangs, its face will show gaiety by curving its mouth to form a constant smile, its behavior will be like that of a toddler, and its voice throughout the play will be soft like that of a child. On the other hand, the three little pigs will be portrayed as being rough and filled with grunt, like the typical portrayals of the wolf in the story. Collectively, the costumes of the three little pigs will be mean-looking. Each of their houses will be placed with decorations such as picture frames and posters or paintings that show their violent side which include images of them while brawling in a fight. The aim is to show that the pigs are indeed far from being kind that it will be surprising that they are afraid of the wolf.
As for the tragic side of the play, two of the pigs will have to perish. The second pig will be eaten by the wolf while they, together with the first pig, are inside the second pig’s house. The first pig will evade capture and run to the house of the third pig. While the two remaining pigs are inside the house, the wolf will follow and attempt to blow the house down. His failure to do so will tempt him to go down the chimney. After going down the chimney, the wolf will find himself caught in a pot of boiling water. Before the wolf dies from extreme pain, he will be able to capture the third pig and inflict harm, until the pig bleeds to death together with the wolf. The first and sole surviving pig will shed his tears until the curtains are drawn down. These turn of events will show that despite the seemingly comic nature of the story, the ending is tragic.