Definition and Introduction
Gender dysphoria refers to a person’s sense of unease due to given psychological distress influenced by incongruence and mismatching gender identity properties and characteristics of biological sex. Experiences of intense unease, discomfort or dissatisfaction, depression, and anxiety while influencing a harmful effect on individuals’ daily lives (Garg et al., 2022). Persons with this condition strongly desire to live a life that matches or expresses their gender identity. To achieve this, they change their ways of looking and behavior. Some individuals experiencing gender dysphoria may consider using hormones and surgery to express their gender identities. Even though it is not a mental illness, some persons may develop mentally-related health challenges due to gender dysphoria.
Background Information
Gender dysphoria syndrome’s proposal first occurred in 1973 as a biological condition encompassing transsexualism alongside other gender identity disorders. It enabled a description of dissatisfaction of conflict between assigned sex and gender identity. The diagnosis of transsexualism first appeared in 1980, coupled with increased attention to transgender personnel. Scientific and biological research was later upheld by the World Health Organization in 1990. Genetics, environmental factors, and hormonal influences during prenatal development determined causal agents. Gender dysphoria’s onset occurs during the early childhood of an individual. Personnel begins to experience discomfort and distress feelings against their assigned gender.
Relation of Gender Dysphoria to Biology:
Gender dysphoria is an integral facet of modern human biology derived from the brain’s sexual differentiation. The condition incorporates individuals’ reports of discomfort with their surrounding prejudice impacting their mental health immensely. The genetic influences on brain and gonadal development establish a relating clinical condition. An abnormal biological process encircling mutations in particular genes triggers abnormal gonadal development (Tamminga, 2022). This results in the presentation of indifferent gonads by certain fetuses. Also, some fetuses may biologically get reassigned to the default female sex at birth. Disparities in genetic influences display a relationship to an increased likelihood of gender dysphoria diagnosis. Persons with androgen insensitivity syndrome experience gender dysphoria. Besides, neuronal signaling pathways and brain anatomy closely align with the perceived gender identity of an individual. Individuals who present discordant brain and gonadal development experience psychological complexities contributing to unease and dissatisfaction with their biological sex.
Symptoms and Treatment:
People undergoing the conditions of gender dysphoria are prospective to sense intensely uncomfortable and distressed with their assigned gender (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2022). They exhibit the desire no longer to possess the primary sex characteristics of this gender. These individuals desire to get treatment as the opposite gender alongside having the secondary and primary sex characteristics of their preferred gender identity. They consistently insist that belonging to a different gender is incomparable to their birth-assigned sex. Also, victims of this condition wear clothes typically associated with the opposite gender and prefer cross-sex roles. They may simultaneously experience low self-esteem, neglect themselves, take unnecessary risks, and become withdrawn or socially isolated. Generally, groups of people likely to experience gender dysphoria are gay, lesbian, straight, or bisexual.
The treatment of gender dysphoria is significantly individual based on their unique needs. It fosters assisting the person’s potential to explore their gender identity. Such treatments allow individuals to express their gender in ways corresponding to their internal sense of gender. The effective interventions may include taking medical steps of physically changing their body, using diverse pronouns and names, and dressing in alignment with their gender identity fundamentally achieved by counseling. The technique of hormone therapy encompassing masculinizing and feminizing hormones that minimize secondary sex characteristics relieves the victims from gender dysphoria. Additionally, gender reassignment surgery changes a victim’s body contour, facial features, and external and internal genitalia as vital mechanisms for gender dysphoria (National Health Service, 2020).
References
Garg, Elshimy, & Marwaha, (2022). Gender Dysphoria. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532313/
Mayo Clinic Staff, (2022). Gender Dysphoria. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gender-dysphoria/symptoms-causes/syc-20475255
National Health Service, (2020). Gender Dysphoria Overview. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/#:~:text=Genderdysphoriaisaterm,harmfulimpactondailylife.
Tamminga, (2022). Shared Psychosis. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/schizophrenia-and-related-disorders/shared-psychosis
Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museums, Rome Virtual Tour Sample Essay
The virtual museums hold actual collections in a gallery setting with an appealing design and layout. The study illustrates an exhibit of a Rome Virtual Tour that simulates the existing location comprising a sequence of still images and videos. Besides, it incorporates media elements, including texts, narration, music, and sound effects. The virtual tour accounts for the Vatican Museums as Vatican City’s public museums.
The Vatican Museums include the most important masterpieces and renowned Roman sculptures of Renaissance art worldwide. The hotspots of Rome’s virtual tour illuminate the Sistine Chapel, the Raphael Rooms, and Pio Clementino Museum (Vaticani, Virtual Tours). For instance, the study is conscious of the Sistine Chapel in Italy, the Pope’s official residence at the Vatican City, Apostolic Palace. It is famous due to its Renaissance frescoes by the artist Michelangelo.
The study illustrates the exhibit’s artwork of the Sistine Chapel, popularly painted by Michelangelo, who undertook the creation of legendary frescoes in a standing position. In painting the walls and ceilings of the Sistine Chapel, Michelangelo used the media with a scaffolding designed for moving across the chapel. He used a fresco media technique applying washes of paints to wet plaster, enabling the painting process. Fundamentally, the artist used the buon fresco and fresco secco technique to add color to the artwork.
The paintings in the Sistine Chapel assume a size of nearly five thousand square feet with a painting area of approximately forty meters long by thirteen meters wide of frescoes (Ulrich 19). The artwork used Renaissance architecture as the historic style used by European architecture, particularly between the early fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in various regions. Michelangelo used the style to demonstrate a conscious revival and development of specific elements associated with the material culture and thought of Romans and ancient Greek. The artwork belongs in the category of Sistine Chapel ceiling.
The artwork represents a formalism theory of Western Art portraying dimensions of landscape, people, and history in a highly realistic impressionist style linking the American West culture. Michelangelo uses the theory to master the artistic principles and elements. The piece of art succeeded considering the consistency of most of its visual features encompassing color and line quality. Sistine Chapel incorporates a division into at least two equal sections through a pattern of floor mosaics and a marble screen (Ulrich 23). Additionally, its unique pavement simulated medieval floors that featured multicolored mosaics to form concentric circles and geometric patterns. The Sistine Chapel artwork utilized design principles such as proportion, alignment and balance, emphasis, repetition, and contrast to create a valuable and attractive composition.
The artwork is attractive since it enables an illustration of several competing and coalescing styles of the Renaissance. It is a masterpiece that captures the very beginning of humanity with works depicting personages and incidences from the Old Testament. It has beautiful works, some telling the stories of Moses and Christ, key for humanity’s survival and decent living. However, dislike of the artwork raises concerns over its nudity, necessitating a cover-up of the genitals by adding loincloths and fig leaves. Also, since camera flashes can harm the artwork, photography is off-limits at the Sistine Chapel in Italy.
In conclusion, the exhibit fosters utmost worthiness for the viewer due to its symbolic representation of papacy favorable for Christian-hood. The artwork is impressive for a viewer considering its design and creation of a unique scaffolding system sturdy enough to enhance their creativity. Moreover, the exhibit is not only for God giving Adam intelligence but also for observation and intelligence. It integrates the bodily organs creating a possibility to lead without the necessity of the Church directly to God.
Works Cited
Msvei Vaticani. Virtual Tours. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.museivaticani.va/content/museivaticani/en/collezioni/musei/tour-virtuali-elenco.html
Pfisterer, Ulrich. The Sistine Chapel: Paradise in Rome. Getty Publications, 2018.
Essay On Audit Essay Example
Key Standards for Ethics and Independence in Audits
There are several standards that the auditors in law enforcement and ethics need to meet to perform their duties professionally. One of the crucial standards in this field is independence. Independence refers to the absence of connections between the auditor and the subject of the audit. Independent auditors evaluate the activities under investigation without letting them sway their conclusions. Therefore, if an auditor cannot exercise complete independence, the audit report should include notes outlining this situation (Marwa, 2021). Small firms might not be feasible to hire independent auditors for every internal audit. In these situations, the organization should take every precaution to guarantee the audit’s objectivity.
The second ethical standard is integrity. Integrity is the quality of being genuine, equitable, and honest in all facets of the auditing process. It also implies without harboring any prejudice or bias. Integrity is crucial because it guarantees the quality of the audit report. Auditors need to be able to assess the data they gather with objectivity. They must refrain from letting their viewpoints color their conclusions. Additionally, auditors must not take gifts from the auditing firm (Marwa, 2021). Gifts are seen to jeopardize auditors’ credibility. Even the notion that an audit’s integrity has been compromised might harm its credibility. The third concept is objectivity. This refers to the essential ethical guideline and component of high-quality audits. It demands that prejudice, conflicts of interest, or improper outside influence should not affect the external auditor’s assessment.
Lastly, auditors should exhibit confidentiality. When auditors carry out audits, they often collect information from various sources. Auditors are obligated to maintain confidentiality about sensitive information. In addition to this, they are obligated to maintain the privacy of their client’s private business. Moreover, they are responsible for protecting their work output. Only those individuals with a legitimate need to know this information should be granted access to see it.
Key Areas in Audit Reports
The audit reports comprise the information system control of internal control that depends on the processing of information systems, including user controls, application controls, and general controls. Information systems available controls are the rules and procedures that apply to all of an entity’s information systems or a significant portion of its information systems. These controls may be implemented at the entity-wide, system, and application levels (GAO, 2018). Creating an environment conducive to the effective operation of application controls is one of the primary ways in which general controls contribute to the integrity of the workings of information systems. In addition, available controls include contingency planning, division of roles, configuration management, physical and logical access management, and security management.
Another critical area in audit reports is Application Controls. During the processing of an application, these controls are directly implemented into the computer programs to assure the confidentiality, correctness, completeness, and validity of any transactions and data being processed by the application. The application’s control includes administration of the data management system, the interface, the master file, the output, the processing, and the input.
Lastly, we have User Controls, parts of controls carried out by individuals engaging with information system controls (GAO, 2018). When a user control’s efficacy depends on the processing of information systems or the dependability (validity, correctness, and completeness) of information that information systems have processed, the user control is said to be a control of information systems.
How The Government Auditing Standards Can Be Helpful to Law Enforcement Agencies
The likelihood of a successful transformation may be considerably increased by using best practices and government audit standards. Many instruments employed in this method have applications beyond the transformation process to improve fundamental internal audit procedures. Since there are no specific recommendations for good governance processes, internal auditors have an outstanding obligation (Kend & Nguyen, 2020). Identifying the factors that influence governance is one-way government auditing standards may be helpful to law enforcement organizations. The agencies get frequent updates on risk-aversion plans from the auditors, who also fine-tune their understanding of effects.
They also improve the agency’ adaptability and flexibility. Internal auditors often use aggressive and innovative tactics to provide value, protect assets, and advance good governance. Finally, when fully integrated inside the agency, the Government Auditing Standards prioritize making management and organizational goals emphasize internal auditing practice (Kend & Nguyen, 2020).
How Internal/External Audits Prevent Problems, Provide Correction, And Recognition Of Superior Policies Or Work Product
Internal/external audits may play a significant role in solving various problems. For instance, they seek to identify and manage risks that might influence the intended outcomes of an organization’s operations. Specifically, concerns affecting operational risks and information system controls, protections against fraud risks, policies and procedures in place, and correct processing may be uncovered through internal audits.
In addition, internal audits are pretty essential to accomplish the correctional aims. Since an internal audit examines what matters, quality should also be a primary focus of this auditing. One of the most critical aspects of the Internal Audit Value Chain is maintaining a sharp focus on quality, in addition to its close relative compliance (IAVC) (Ugoani & Ibeenwo, 2022). Also, it assists in acknowledging superior policies since it plays an integral part in improving an organization’s performance. This is one of the primary benefits. Companies might benefit from the assistance of internal auditors in determining significant risk concerns. Because of this, businesses can foresee possible future issues and detect vulnerabilities in their operations. In addition, it allows the organization to recognize processes and controls that are not operating efficiently and provides a chance to enhance these areas.
Challenges of the Audit and the Important Information for the Audit
In the course of my adventure, I anticipate encountering several obstacles. I believe that a lack of communication is one of our challenges. There is a probability that the police organizations I may audit will be unable to comprehend the range and the aim of my audit program, in addition to the danger I provide. Because of this, it has the potential to create an atmosphere in which the individuals I am interviewing become less helpful and more secretive with their responses, maybe even becoming antagonistic as a result. Besides, the audit may be filled with guilt and blame, both humiliating and counterproductive (Fairley, 2020). As a consequence, it might end up being humiliating and ineffective. The study of police kills, the circumstances that contribute to police brutality, and the solutions that should be implemented to deal with police brutality will all be included in the audit, which is one of the essential pieces of information that may be included in the audit.
References
Fairley, S. R. (2020). Survey Says?: US Cities Double down on Civilian Oversight of Police despite Challenges and Controversy. Cardozo L. Rev. De-Novo, 1.
GAO (2018). Government Auditing Standards 2018 Revision. https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-18-568g.pdf
Kend, M., & Nguyen, L. A. (2020). Big data analytics and other emerging technologies impact the Australian audit and assurance profession. Australian Accounting Review, 30(4), 269-282.
Marwa, T. (2021). The effect of competence, experience, independence, due professional care, and auditor integrity on audit quality with auditor ethics as moderating variable (Similarity).
Ugoani, J., & Ibeenwo, G. I. (2022). External Audit Process Failures: Unethical Practices and Business Demise. Business, Management and Economics Research, 8(1), 1-11.