- Jelly Roll Morten (1890 1941). First recognized and important jazz composer. Capable of playing both ragtime styles and jazz styles. (Incorporate improvisation in his music.) Pioneer of swing 8th note technique. Engaging/ energizing performer. (Coming from improvisation. In the moment. Lack in recordings).
- Earl Father Hines (1903-1983) pianist and band leader, born Pittsburg, moved to Chicago in 1924. Significantly influential on the piano styles in the 1930s and 1940s. Not known as one of the great stride piano player. But known for his improvisation styles. 2 styles: Trumpet styles and Horn like improvisation (musical phrasing). Hinds would take a short break during trumpet improvisation.
- Thomas Fats Waller best known stride player from New York. Excellent technique: bouncing type of feeling on the piano, known as a song writer/ composer.
- James P. Johnson (1894-1955) the father of stride. Having had the most influence in Spreading stride music around the area, first pianist to be broadcasted on the radio. A composer and conductor did some conducting in pit orchestras.
- Willy the Lion Smith (1897-1973). Rivals with James P. Jonson. Cutting sessions (battle with other musicians)
- Boogie Woogie.( southern 1912 off shoot of stride). Another jazz age style of piano. Mead Lux Louis: Honky Tonk trained blues.
- Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) trumpet player/ vocalist/ band leader/ sometimes composer/ all-around entertainer. Didn’t have valid birth records. As a vocalist, he was one of the first musicians who wouldn’t sing a melody straight, he also influenced many vocalists later on. pioneer of Scat singing: use unusual syllables instead of lyrics, improvised melodies and rhythms.
- Bix Beiderbecke (1903-1931) trumpet player/composer, emerged and developed around the same time as Louis Armstrong. First recording: 1924 with the wolverine orchestra, few years later, Bix became a featured soloist in the band leaded by Paul Whiteman. Blended jazz with ragtime concept.
- Jonny Dodds (1892-1940) one of the leading new Orleans clarinet players, moved to Chicago, started out as a side man with king Oliver Sounds: classic New Orleans clarinet sound, edgy rough tone, fast vibrato. (Vibrate the pitch), aggressive
Reasons For The British Colonization Of North America
The English had many motives for founding the colonies in America. The migration was provoked by various reasons. It is said that religious motives played the most important role but economic motives played just as big of a role. Social and political reasons did not play such a prime role but they did certainly affect the decision of the English into making the hard and long voyage. New economic opportunities were a very effective way of promoting colonization.
Back in England, the lower class had little or no chance of moving up the class ladder, but in America you had all this jobs that needed to be done. Wealthy businessmen also attained opportunities to invest their money. Joint-stock companies sold shares of stock to businessmen and this permitted the share of risk of founding the colonies. Conjointly the English assumed that they would find gold in the colonies like the Spanish but this proved to be just a major setback. They wasted their time looking for gold instead of learning how to farm.
Furthermore England was looking to be self-reliable, they wanted to obtain raw material from the colonies rather than paying other countries. Finally the last economic reason was the insufficient amount of land in Europe, colonist simply craved to own land and have a better life.
Religious motives for migrating were caused by the Protestant Reformation. The Reformation gave rise to Protestant denominations that no longer wanted to be part of the Anglican Church. They looked about worshiping their own ideas instead of succumbing to the Anglican Church ideas.
The religious sects were persecuted for treason against the king. These people looked for a haven in America, where they would be far away from England. Some of the colonies were founded for the security of religious sects. For example Massachusetts bay was originally indented to be a “ holy common wealth made up of religious folk bound together in the harmonious worship of God” (America a Narrative History, Pg. 65)
Social and political reasons were important reason to some of the English. Some desired adventure and opportunities for new experiences. Since England was not a war they had all this upper-class sons with no jobs and looking for work. Some men opposed the monarchy and they
were looking for greater amplitude of freedom. In addition to political reasons was that the English government wanted to weaken Spain by establishing military outpost.
The English had many reasons to leave England. The reasons were cause by social, political, economic and religious problems but they all had one thing in common. If it were not for all those problems the colonies would have not been founded and the U.S might have looked a bit different today.
Comparison And Сontrast Of “The Gift Of The Magi”/ “The Necklace”
At a young age, I was taught the value of the dollar. When it comes to money I am a saver. I have always tried to save every penny, and when I had a little extra I would treat myself to something I had been wanting. I always tell myself, “Save your money, you never know when something you really need or would really like to have could come along.” When it comes to having a lot of money and a lot of possessions, I don’t really need all of it. Yes, every now and then it’s nice to go out and go shopping for new things. I’m a girl; most girls like to do that type of thing. Being materialistic does not mean you will always be happy. When you get something that you think you ought to have and you get it and after a while, its “wow” factor wears off. Then you aren’t as happy as you are when you got it. What are you doing then? Spend time with people that make you happy or pick up a new hobby that you are found of.
Having a certain status in society does not mean a thing to me now. When I was in middle school I decided I should try out for cheerleading because all of my “friends” were doing it. I thought the title of being a cheerleader would make people like me more and I would become “popular”. I always thought I had to dress to impress the people at my school to be better than them. I would shop at stores that the clothes were way too expensive and waste all the money that I had saved. It turned out that none of it mattered. I finally figured that out near the end of eighth grade. Having a good personality and being yourself is what will attract people, being yourself will help you find your true friends. Doing the things that YOU love and making YOURSELF happy is what matters most.
The comparison and the contrast between “The Gift of the Magi” and “The Necklace” are similar and different. In “The Gift of the Magi” is a story about a couple who will sacrifice their most valuable things for each other, to buy each other a Christmas present. And “The Necklace” is a story about a young woman who was blessed with physical beauty but wasn’t fortunate enough to be blessed with wealth. Her husband and she were invited to a formal event, ashamed of her clothing she demanded a proper dress but came to find she had no jewels. She asked a friend to borrow some and ended up borrowing a diamond necklace. When the event was over the necklace has disappeared and the couple had to equip the friend with another. Having to pay back the money landed the couple in serious debt for ten years. In the end the friend’s necklace wasn’t worth the amount it portrayed for it was a fake.
A difference in the two stories is the main characters, Della (The Gift of the Magi) and Mathilde Loisel (The Necklace). Della is a loving wife who works very hard to try and surprise her husband with a Christmas gift. When time is running out to earn more money she has to sell her lengthy valuable hair. She will do anything for her husband even giving up her beauty, knowing that her husband would possibly look at her differently. When Jim says, “I don’t think there’s anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less.” Della knows that possessing long hair or not her husbands’ feelings for her will always be the same. Mathilde is an ungrateful middle-class woman whose dream is to be accepted in a ‘high society’. She longs for wealth and to be admired by women and even men who aren’t her husband. She is a very materialistic person. The two women are also unlike each other in the way they treat their husbands. When Della is trying to figure out what to buy her husband for Christmas she thought, “Something fine and rare and sterling-something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.
The quote means that Della feels like the luckiest girl in the world to have Jim. It doesn’t matter to her if she possesses nothing else just as long as she has him by her side. It shows how madly in love she is with him. Mathilde thinks the exact opposite of her husband. Her feelings are made known when she states, “…she let herself be married off to a little clerk in the Ministry of Education.” She feels as if she could have gotten better but she let herself settle with him. Another way she shows how unthoughtful she is. When her husband comes home with an invitation to a formal event he expects her to be happy because she doesn’t get out often. But she acts completely differently than expected. When given the invitation she replies with, “what do you want me to do with this?” She is upset at the thought that she has nothing to wear to such an event and will be embarrassed and outcast for looking simple and poor. She insists her husband give her four hundred francs; he hesitates because he has been saving for a while to buy himself a gun. That shows how little Mathilde cares about what makes her husband happy. Why can’t Mathilde earn her own money and buy her own dress, or make alterations to her theatre dress? The similarity in the two stories is that they both have an ending with a twist.