Introduction
Feminism lite as a social aspect has been mainly ingrained in the different groups from different races across the globe. Feminism is conditional on female equality. Writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie expresses his strong feelings against feminism in his article. Likewise, racism is a vice whose impacts are well-known by everyone in America. Racism has been primarily associated with numerous killings, particularly by the police department occurring in the US. This essay compares two articles with cases of feminism and racism presented by different authors. These two articles describe various issues, racism and feminism, but they exhibit some core similarities in their content.
1st Article
In the first article, writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie expresses his strong opposition feelings against the feminist issue. The writer replies to his longtime friend, who seems passionate about feminism. However, to writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, feminism is a vice that he strongly opposes. He describes it as a hollow and bankrupt idea. It is either a person to believe in the full equality of both men and women. Statements such as ‘He is the head” have been largely opposed by the writer. The idea that men are generally superior to women is rogue. Again, there should be no language such as ‘allowing”. Instead of society believing that men should grant every permission, women should learn to assume roles and operate as equals to their men. “Allowing” should not mean that men do not permit specific issues to women (Adichie, n.p). This notion of basing power on man is not acceptable. Women should be left alone and do what they want without considering whether their men allow it. The writer compares cases where women believe in feminism to a headteacher and a schoolgirl. If a woman can only execute duties under the condition that the man allows, it is similar to having his husband as the head teacher and her as the schoolgirl. Ideally, we have numerous individuals who passionately oppose strong women. Hence, the world believes that power only lies in men’s hands. Feminism lite, therefore, is a concept that needs to be reframed and let people understand that women are equal to men.
2nd Article
The second article describes a case where a young boy Nicholus, aged 29 years, was brutally killed by police. Following this case, president Joe Bidden and capitalism charged the police with a second-degree murder case. The case has been regarded as systematic racism. However, to establish the case as systematic racism, some defendants claim that the police involved in the killing were from the ‘Scorpion” group, primarily comprised of the black. Consequently, some believe this case is not based on racism. Nevertheless, the representatives of the killing have an advanced idea that despite the police group involved, the American population is based on systematic racism (Jacob & Kishore, n.p). Consequently, advocates have continued to blame the government for its delays in fulfilling the promises of bringing to end racism. This case has evolved different memories of police killings, such as George Floyd in Minnesota. Hence, advocates of these particular killings assert that the case is once again a failure by the government to protect the black. Indeed, the Nicholas killing is disgusting, slander, and a major political cover-up. It is a slander directed at millions of anti-racism and antiterrorists who aggressively condemn police violence. The case is further a cover-up of the responsibilities of the democratic representatives who are mandated to oppose racial identity and bankrupt politics. Racism is an issue that has brought numerous controversies to the American population, politically, socially, and economically. Despite vast campaigns against this vice, cases of police killing the public on racial grounds still emerge. It is now time for the government to stop promising the people to end racism and make America a racism-free state.
Similarities
The two articles show that the authors have one approach to articulating their minds to the reader. The two articles seem to express common vices in majority societies in various regions. Feminism, as perceived by the majority, is acceptable. However, considering the writer’s facts, it is a vice (Adichie n.p). Again, killings of citizens by police based on racism are another vice. Honestly, the two authors do not show any opinion that may sound to contradict their stand. Ideally, both authors oppose the issues they describe and have no counterarguments. What they believe is what they have analyzed in the whole article. In both pieces, a factor that facilitates the issue discussed is provided. For instance, the author of the killings cites the rogue polices departments and irresponsible democratic representatives as the core causes of the killings (Jacob & Kishore, n.p). On the other hand, the author about feminism sites those who believe that women should not be vital to be the core cause of feminism lite.
Conclusion
As described by Writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie,Feminism lite as a social aspect has been mainly ingrained in the different groups from different races across the globe. It is the sceptical belief that men have all the authority over women. On the other hand, the article by Jacob & Kishore (2023) regarding the killing of citizens by police on a racist basis is a core issue affecting Americans. Ideally, the two articles describe crucial topics that every society should consider analyzing.
Work Cited
Adichie.N.C. Beware of “Feminism Lite”. Ideas.Ted.Com.Retrieved from. https://ideas.ted.com/beware-of-feminism-lite/.March 7 2023.
Jacob Crosse.J. & Kishore.J.Race, class and the police killing of Tyre Nichols. World Socialist Web Site.Retrieved from. https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/01/31/psfz-j31.html.Jan 31 2023.
Cognitive Attentional Syndrome In Hong Kong People With Depression Writing Sample
Summary
The article “Cognitive attentional syndrome in Hong Kong people with depression” was published on Academic Search by Chiu-Kim Lam and Wing-Hong Tsang (2023). The heath-related report is investigative and aims to reduce the increasing depression among adults in China. 15% of the world’s adult population, which account for 260 million people, suffer from depression-related disorders, the highest being cognitive attentional syndrome (Lam & Tsang, 2022). With the increase in negative thinking patterns, inflexibility, and maladaptive behaviors, Cognitive attentional disorder is the leading causative agent of diseases in 2030.
Author’s Purpose
Cognitive attentional syndrome is a mental health condition characterized by toxic thinking which arises from continued depression. The article aims to identify the initial stages of depression, using indicators such as anxiety and fear to curb the disorder. Taking Hong Kong as the cases study, the author’s purpose is to use traditional metacognitive strategies to assess the prevalence of the syndrome among the healthy population. Showing depression among a sample who do not portray any signs of mental instability shows the efficiency of traditional cognitive methods.
Audience
Since the article researches the lifestyles of adults living in Hong Kong, the Chinese are the primary audience. The article, with supportive statistics, proposes traditional therapy, which is the most appropriate solution to reverse the negative thinking trends among people in China (Lam & Tsang, 2022). The authors praise the ancient meta-cognitive ways of identifying depression, translated in Chinese rather than the modern English-translated methods.
Style And Design Used in The Article
The three-step statistical style in the data analysis, which includes observation, correlation, and analysis, portrays the intensity of the study. A formal tone, which lacks persuasion, gives the advantages of traditional over modern meta-cognitive methods of identifying depression among the Chinese. In the article design, population sampling is the initial data collection step, which gives way to statistical analysis of people with major depressive diseases (Lam & Tsang, 2022). Sixty-four patients, representing a large sample of participants, are used in the experiment to promote accuracy, making the results from the cognitive strategy reliable.
Rhetorical Appeals
The authors use Ethos as the primary type of rhetoric appeal. Since intention is a major component of Ethos, the author’s primary aim is to improve health and well-being among the Chinese by reducing depression in its population. Contrary to most health reports’ lack of impartiality in their analysis, Chiu-Kim Lam addresses both the strengths and weaknesses of traditional metacognitive analysis procedures. (Lam & Tsang, 2022). The high patient-physician ratio challenges effective treatment, an element of Ethos. Since depression is caused s by repeated negative thinking, the authors unearth the role of thinking on health and well-being. The journal article links common human feelings such as sadness and anxiety, interconnected human traits, to depression, promoting suspense in China and the rest of the world.
Modes, Media, and Genre Conventions
In the efforts to curb negative emotions and ruminations, the article addresses the place of traditional modes of therapy. The authors’ primary focus is to improve mental stability amongst the Chinese population since depression’s leading factors are inevitable (Lam & Tsang, 2022). This article’s central focus is strong internal attitudes, such as self-control. To escape anxiety and worry and have high mental stability, the author discourages momentarily happiness promoted by drugs and sexual activities. An expository genre is used in the article since sixty-four people with toxic lifestyles are sampled to show the prevalence of cognitive attentional syndrome among the general Chinese population.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a comprehensive antidepressant treatment program is critical for maintaining a healthy community. This is because of the increased risk that depression poses for developing numerous diseases. The article systematically identifies persons with a major depressive disease, which leads to cognitive attentional disorder. Traditional methods of identifying the disorder, including human assessment tests on rumination and worry, guarantee accurate control measures compared to modern technological devices, which diagnose depression in its later stages.
References
Lam, K. C. K., & Tsang, H. W. H. (2022). Cognitive attentional syndrome in Hong Kong people with depression. Environmental and Occupational Health Practice, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1539/eohp.2022-0013-OA
Comparison Of Leadership Theories Writing Sample
Introduction
The most successful business organizations have strong leadership of owners or managers who use numerous leadership styles in their businesses, each with a different focus. Two very different leadership styles are the trait approach and the situational approach. According to Cote (2017), the situational leadership style is described as tried and true framework that enables leaders to align their behaviors with the performance of an individual or group they are trying to influence. On the other hand, the trait leadership style focuses on the leader and the qualities they possess to run the business effectively. This study aims to help leaders differentiate between the situational and trait approaches to leadership. Understanding the various systems in administration can help leaders be more effective by allowing them to know how and why they act in the way they do, as well as determining when and where to change their style. This study will focus on differentiating between situational and trait leadership styles.
Theoretical Framework and Analysis
Differences between Situational leadership style and Traits leadership style
| Situational leadership style | Traits leadership style |
| The situational leadership style is flexible as it can adapt to the needs of the organization and the existing business environment (Benmira & Agboola, 2021).
The situational leadership style is based on something other than a leader’s specific skill, as business leaders modify the management styles to fit the organization’s requirements. The situational leadership style considers an employee’s readiness level and performance to do a specific task and the amount of support and direction required from a leader in the business organization (Deshwal and Ali, A. (2020).
An example of how situational leadership style can be applied. As a company manager, you use your leadership skills to help new employees with little expertise and experience to improve. As a leader, you can take your time to show them how to perfume the task before delegating tasks to them first. You must also supervise them regularly to ensure they are on the right track. When they gain experience, you can change your leadership style to match their new level of performance of tasks. |
Traits leadership style, as explained by Vasilescu (2019), is an early assumption.
Leaders are born, not made, and this assumption makes them have good qualities and traits for leadership.
Based on behavioral skills and characteristics of leaders to lead the business organization effectively to success.
The trait leadership style is based on characteristics of successful and unsuccessful leaders, which is used to predict effectiveness in leadership.
An example of leadership style traits is Nelson Mandela’s distinctive characteristics as a former political prisoner and president of South Africa. He inspired the world in his leadership journey and how he treated others with compassion, conscientiousness, and significant emotional intelligence. |
Differences between Situational Leadership skills and Traits approach leadership skills
| Situational leadership skills | Traits approach leadership skills |
| To become an effective situational leader, one must master the following skills: diagnosis, flexibility, and partnering for performance skills (Gandolfi & Stone, 2018).
An effective leader must develop and determine the level of the direct report focusing on motivation and skills. The best way to determine the sum of knowledge and experiences of an individual is to look at their performance, the level of motivation, and the confidence an individual has about a task.
Gandolfi & Stone (2018) also argues that situational leadership skills are the flexibility of a leader to move from one development level to another.
Partnering opens communication between a leader and their customers and helps improve the conversation’s quality and quantity. Partnering helps a leader gain direct reports’ permission on the appropriate leadership style that matches the development level. |
Given (Bashir et al., 2022), integrity is an essential leadership trait skill for an organization or an individual, which may be a potential blind spot for businesses.
Influential leaders delegate core responsibilities to their team to facilitate teamwork, provide autonomy, and help them make better decisions.
Effective communication is another skill that helps leaders transmit information to inspire others. Effective communication among the leaders affects the success of the organization’s strategy (Benmira and Agboola2021). |
Strengths of situational leadership approach/style and example(s) to support
The situational approach to leadership, as outlined by Benmira & Agboola (2021), consists of concepts that are easy to apply and understand across various situations in business. For example, more than 500 fortune companies have used it in their leadership programs because of the positive feedback it has. A leader who uses situational leadership style adapts to every situation they encounter by acting differently with different employees to offer solutions. For example, two members of a group discussion did not attend and contribute to discussion work and therefore are forced to be chased away from the group. The leader listens to their reasons for not attending the discussion and then later explains the situation to the rest of the group members.
Henkel & Bourdeau (2018) also describe leaders in situational approaches as having the permission to change their management styles and adjust to them to respond to different factors while keeping their focus on achieving targets of organizational success. For example, change from an autocratic management style to a democratic style or vice versa. A team leader of a project holds weekly physical meetings with each of the other team members and asks them to share the progress of their tasks, what they think is going well, and the improvements that need to be made.
Weakness of situational leadership approach and example to support
Wright (2017) explains that situational leadership can create confusion within the organization or team depending on how leaders communicate with their employees or members. When a leader is consistent in their leadership approaches, it creates clarity in them. For example, in a sports team manager, new members join every season while others join, which confuses team organization in one way or another. Situational leadership is focused on short-term goals that arise at the present moment. This causes a disconnection from the larger vision of the organization or team. For example, a sports team manager focuses on minor goals like local friendly matches instead of focusing on the significant champion’s trophy at the end of the season. Situational approaches to leadership risk putting too many responsibilities on the leader, making them respond to situations in their teams or organizations inappropriately. For example, a sports team manager is tasked with many responsibilities in hiring, team selection, and substitutions, among others. This makes them work inappropriately for their team or organizational success.
Strengths of Traits leadership approach and example(s) to support.
As described by Ibrahim & Daniel (2019), the trait theory of leadership emphasizes that distinctive and effective leaders are influenced by features acquired by their social interactions, culture, and inherited ones. Therefore, the trait approach to leadership motivates people to advance and improve their leadership abilities continuously. For example, when a group member shows confidence when completing tasks and suggesting new ideas, they encourage members to contribute with confident behavior. Ibrahim & Daniel (2019) also alludes that many studies and research in leadership have supported the foundation of the trait approaches to leadership; therefore, the implications and characteristics of the trait leadership style apply to all businesses and all types of business organization. For example, minimum weight and height are necessary to perform tasks efficiently in a military leadership position. The trait theory creates a way of identifying future leaders who show common qualities and attributes of leadership. Leaders use the trait theory to access on the leadership strengths and weaknesses they may exhibit. For example, when candidates participate in various tests and assignments, attending benchmark activities to assess how strong or weak they concern leadership skills.
Weakness of Traits leadership approach and example to support
As Walls (2019) explains, the trait approach of leadership contains an endless array of traits that are constantly changing in sociocultural circumstances. For example, when leading a sports team as a manager, social-cultural practices affect the team relation as they come from different cultures. The trait approach in leadership needs to consider the role of contexts and situations in predicting influential leaders. For example, when leading a committee, different situations and contexts that arise need to identify an effective leader. The trait approach in leadership needs to be more decisive in demonstrating the effects of leadership traits on the group’s outcome within the organization. For example, the leadership potential of a committee leader the trait cannot show the effects they bring to the organization. Moreover, Walls (2019) also illustrate that most characteristics of trait theory belonging to psychological structures; therefore, training and teaching an understanding of the characteristics of influential leaders still cannot help managers positively and impact their psychology. For example, learning the leadership characteristics of Nelson Mandela cannot directly impact individual psychological characteristics in leadership.
Which one is a more practical approach to leadership?
As described by Tabrizi & Rideout (2019), situational leadership is the most effective form of leadership because it accounts for different confidence levels and skills among team members in a group or organization. Therefore this makes situational leaders deliver and elevate the organization or team in the right direction where there is support. Situational leadership is a more flexible approach to leadership as it is based on a leader’s directive on the abilities and readiness of his followers by incorporating other leadership styles. The situational approach to leadership is also the most effective, as it encourages successful collaborations among team members. The use of technology has made interaction easier among team members in an organization, increasing productivity and engagement. The situational approach also enhances work productivity when leaders make positive and effective changes; employees are more committed to their tasks as they feel part of something significant and increase their engagement in the organization (Tabrizi & Rideout, 2019).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study has Critically appraised the difference between situational leadership versus traits approach or skills and style approaches to leadership. The essay has also discussed the strengths and weaknesses of situational and trait approaches to leadership. Being aware of different styles and skills in leadership can make a leader know their own or can even borrow bits of each style to make their leadership skills more effective. The situational leadership style is the most effective form of leadership because it accounts for different levels of confidence and skills among team members in an organization making the leaders deliver the right amount of support and direction required. Situational leaders change their styles of leadership as per the situation, which is highly required in the company to make it highly profitable. Leaders in an organization or team need to move from one leadership style to another to meet the changing needs of an organization and its employees toward success.
References
Cote, R. (2017). A comparison of leadership theories in an organizational environment. International Journal of Business Administration, 8(5), 28–35.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ Leader, leader-2020.
Deshwal, V., & Ali, A. (2020). A systematic review of various leadership theories. Shanlax International Journal of Commerce, 8(1), 38–43.
Vasilescu, M. (2019). Leadership styles and theories in effective management activity. Annals-Economy Series, 4, 47-52.
Gandolfi, F., & Stone, S. (2018). Leadership, leadership styles, and servant leadership. Journal of Management Research, 18(4), 261-269.
Bashir, I., Rana, R. A., Naseem, A., Ghafoor, A., & Mumtaz, B. (2022). A Comparative Analysis of Situational and Style Leadership Theories. Competitive Education Research Journal, 3(1), 127–134.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ Leader, leader-2020.
Henkel, T., & Bourdeau, D. (2018). A field study: An examination of managers’ situational leadership styles. Journal of Diversity Management (JDM), 13(2), 7-14.
Wright, E. S. (2017). Dialogic development in the situational leadership style. Performance Improvement, 56(9), 27–31.
Ibrahim, A. U., & Daniel, C. O. (2019). Impact of leadership on organizational performance. International Journal of Business, Management, and Social Research, 6(2), 367-374.
Walls, E. (2019). The value of situational leadership. Community practitioner: the Community Practitioners’& Health Visitors’ Association journal, 92(2), 31–33.
Tabrizi, S., & Rideout, G. (2019). Exploring Situational Leadership in the Education System: Practices for Multicultural Societies. International Journal of Innovative Business Strategies, 5(1), 234–244.