Subjective and Objective Clinical Manifestations
Subjectively, Mr. C. is a 32-year-old male seeking the information at the outpatient center regarding possible bariatric surgery for his obesity. His health history indicates that he has been overweight since childhood and has gained approximately 100 pounds in the last 2-3 years. He has also been diagnosed with sleep apnea and hypertension, which he attempts to control by restricting dietary sodium. Additionally, he has reported increasing shortness of breath with activity, swollen ankles, and pruritus over the last six months (Diaz et al., 2020). Objectively Mr. C.’s physical examination reveals a height of 68 inches and a weight of 134.5 kg. His blood pressure was 172/98, his heart rate was 88, and his respiratory rate was 26. Additionally, there was 3+ pitting edema present bilaterally on his feet and ankles. His fasting blood glucose was 146 mg/dL, his total cholesterol was 250 mg/dL, his triglycerides were 312 mg/dL, his HDL was 30 mg/dL, his serum creatinine was 1.8 mg/dL, and his BUN was 32 mg/dL (Gürkov et al., 2019).
Potential health risks for obesity
Obesity is a significant public health concern associated with many physical and psychological health risks. It is a condition of excess body fat defined by an individual having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher. Although BMI does not account for muscle mass, it is still an effective tool for assessing obesity levels. The potential health risks associated with obesity are numerous and far-reaching. Physically, obesity can lead to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and heart disease (Chooi et al., 2019). Additionally, obesity can lead to an increased risk of developing several types of cancer, including colorectal, endometrial, gallbladder, and breast cancer. Furthermore, obesity can cause a decrease in physical functioning, leading to issues with mobility (Loos & Yeo, 2022)
Psychologically, obesity can have a negative impact on one’s self-esteem and body image. This can lead to issues of depression and anxiety, as well as social isolation. Furthermore, self-esteem issues can lead to emotional eating, which can cause further weight gain and the continuation of the vicious cycle of obesity. Given Mr. C.’s health history and physical examination, he is at an increased risk for many physical and psychological health risks associated with obesity. His weight of 134.5 kg, combined with his height of 68 inches, puts him in the obese BMI range, thus increasing his risk for the aforementioned physical and psychological health risks.
Bariatric surgery may be an appropriate intervention for Mr. C, given the significant health risks associated with his obeBariatric surgery misery is to produce significant and sustained weight loss and improve the associated medical conditions. However, bariatric surgery is an effective procedure with potential risks and long-term effects. It should only be considered after a thorough evaluation by a multidisciplinary team, including a dietitian, psychologist, and physician (Arterburn et al., 2020). It is also essential for Mr. C. to understand that bariatric surgery is not a cure for obesity and requires significant lifestyle changes, including dietary changes, physical activity, and follow-up medical care, for optimal outcomes.
Potential or Actual Problems Faced by Mr C
Despite trying to limit his sodium intake, Mr. C. has not been able to achieve or maintain his ideal weight and has expressed frustration with his health. This suggests that his perception of his health could be more accurate and that he needs a complete understanding of the processes underlying his diseases. Low levels of confidence and treatment plan adherence can result from this. Management of Health Conditions: Mr. C. has not been able to successfully treat his hypertension, sleep apnea or maintain his ideal body weight. This suggests that he may benefit from enhancing his health management abilities in order to handle his chronic conditions better (Veasey & Rosen, 2019)
Mr. C. may need to eat the healthiest diet possible due to his high body mass index and fasting blood glucose level of 146 mg/dL. He has also been trying to manage his hypertension, but more than his dietary sodium restrictions may be needed. As for Mr. C.’s metabolism, his high total cholesterol of 250 mg/dL and triglycerides of 312 mg/dL suggest he has a metabolic disorder like diabetes or dyslipidemia. His kidney function needs to be closely monitored because his serum creatinine is 1.8 mg/dL, and his BUN is 32 mg/dL. Mr. C.’s obesity may contribute to his complaint of becoming increasingly out of breath during physical exertion. This suggests he may need the recommended amount of exercise, which can lead to additional weight gain and diminished physical ability. His swollen ankles may indicate that he has been inactive or is holding too much fluid.
Stages of renal disease that leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Renal disease is a progressive condition that, if left untreated, can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). An irreversible loss of kidney function is known as an end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which occurs when the kidneys can no longer filter and eliminate waste products from the body in an acceptable manner (Smith et al., 2019). In most cases, this results from a gradual decline in kidney function over time. There are several stages of renal disease, the most severe of which is end-stage renal disease. These stages include mild renal insufficiency, moderate renal insufficiency, severe renal insufficiency, and end-stage renal disease. The presence of obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and a history of renal illness in Mr. C.’s family are all risk factors that could contribute to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). These disorders, if left untreated, can cause further damage to the kidneys, which may eventually result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, the increased serum creatinine and BUN levels that Mr. C. has shown that his kidney function is not at its best and that he may be in the beginning stages of renal failure (Niewczas et al., 2019). Therefore, Mr. C. needs to keep a careful eye on his condition and adhere to an effective treatment plan to reduce the likelihood of his condition deteriorating further and leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Prevention of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and Health Promotion Opportunities for Mr. C
Mr. C. needs to understand the risk factors associated with ESRD and what he can do to reduce his chances of developing the condition. Patient education should include maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, controlling hypertension, and managing diabetes. He should also be advised to limit his sodium intake and reduce his total cholesterol and triglyceride levels through dietary and lifestyle changes (Niewczas et al., 2019).
In order to promote health restoration, Mr. C. should be provided with information on lifestyle modifications that can help to reduce his risk of developing ESRD. These modifications include quitting smoking, managing stress, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing alcohol consumption. He should also be educated on the importance of regular physical activity, including resistance training, which can help to improve his overall health.
Finally, Mr. C. should be provided with information on the importance of avoiding further deterioration of his renal status. This includes avoiding certain medications, such as NSAIDs and certain antibiotics, which can harm the kidneys. He should also be informed of the importance of avoiding dehydration and staying hydrated. Additionally, he should be educated on the importance of avoiding exposure to certain toxins, such as lead and mercury, and avoiding activities that could cause further damage to the kidneys, such as strenuous physical activity and recreational drug use.
Resources available for ESRD patients for non-acute care
For non-acute care, ESRD patients have access to various resources to help them manage their condition. These resources include devices, transportation, living conditions, and return-to-employment issues. Devices such as dialysis machines, infusion pumps, and other medical equipment can help manage ESRD (Marienne et al., 2021). In addition, transportation services can be arranged to help patients with transportation to and from medical appointments. For those with financial difficulties, there are also financial assistance programs available.
Living conditions for ESRD patients can be improved through home modifications. This may include making sure the home is wheelchair accessible, installing ramps, widening doorways, and making other changes to make it easier for the patient to move around (Rysz et al., 2020). A multidisciplinary approach is essential for ESRD patients to ensure they receive the best care possible. This includes a team of specialists, such as nephrologists, dietitians, social workers, and psychologists, who can work together to provide comprehensive care. This team can help address the patient’s physical, psychological, and social needs, as well as provide education and support. Additionally, the team can help coordinate care and ensure that the patient receives the most appropriate treatment for their condition.
Reference
Arterburn, D. E., Telem, D. A., Kushner, R. F., & Courcoulas, A. P. (2020). Benefits and risks of bariatric surgery in adults: a review. Jama, 324(9), 879-887.
Chooi, Y. C., Ding, C., & Magkos, F. (2019). The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism, 92, 6-10.
Diaz, J. H., Warren, R. J., & Oster, M. J. (2020). The disease ecology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management of trichinellosis linked to consumption of wild animal meat. Wilderness & environmental medicine, 31(2), 235-244.
Gürkov, R., Jerin, C., Flatz, W., & Maxwell, R. (2019). Clinical manifestations of hydropic ear disease (Menière’s). European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, pp. 276, 27–40.
Loos, R. J., & Yeo, G. S. (2022). The genetics of obesity: from discovery to biology. Nature Reviews Genetics, 23(2), 120–133.
Marienne, J., Laville, S. M., Caillard, P., Batteux, B., Gras-Champel, V., Masmoudi, K., … & Liabeuf, S. (2021). Evaluation of changes over time in the drug burden and medication regimen complexity in ESRD patients before and after renal transplantation. Kidney International Reports, 6(1), 128-137.
Niewczas, M. A., Pavkov, M. E., Skupien, J., Smiles, A., Md Dom, Z. I., Wilson, J. M., … & Krolewski, A. S. (2019). A signature of circulating inflammatory proteins and development of end-stage renal disease in diabetes. Nature medicine, 25(5), 805-813.
Rysz, J., Franczyk, B., Ławiński, J., & Gluba-Brzózka, A. (2020). Oxidative stress in ESRD patients on dialysis and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Antioxidants, 9(11), 1079.
Smith, R. J., Appel, G. B., Blom, A. M., Cook, H. T., D’Agati, V. D., Fakhouri, F., … & Nester, C. M. (2019). C3 glomerulopathy—understanding a rare complement-driven renal disease. Nature reviews nephrology, 15(3), 129-143.
Veasey, S. C., & Rosen, I. M. (2019). Obstructive sleep apnea in adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(15), 1442–1449.
“Hot Topics” Of Cognitive Psychology Writing Sample
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology that studies the mental processes of humans, such as thinking, feeling, and problem-solving. The specialization focuses on understanding how the brain works and how we use it to make decisions (Sanborn & Harris, 2019). Over the past few years, cognitive psychology has become a hot topic in the media, with stories about memory loss cures, creative thinking, and decision-making. In this course, we will explore these topics’ underlying reasons and causes and gain valuable insight into how the human mind works.
Depression is one of the most highly reported hot topics in cognitive psychology. It is estimated that approximately 280 million people suffer from depression worldwide (Linda Searing, 2022). Depression is a mental disorder characterized by sadness, low self-esteem, lack of interest in activities, and difficulty concentrating. Cognitive psychology can help us to understand the underlying causes of depression, such as our thoughts and beliefs, how we interpret and respond to stressful events, and how our environment impacts our behavior. It can also help us understand our emotions’ impact and how they can affect our behavior. The knowledge can help us identify strategies to manage our moods and behaviors to reduce our risk of developing depression.
Memory loss is another popular topic in cognitive psychology. Recent news stories have focused on the race to find a cure for memory loss, particularly in the elderly and those with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia. Numerous factors, including aging, stress, head trauma, and certain medications, can cause memory loss. This course will help me understand the underlying causes of memory loss, such as neurological damage, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle factors, such as lack of physical activity, stress, and nutrition (Bastin et al., 2019). The knowledge can help us identify strategies to preserve our memories and improve memory recall. The course will also explore memory loss in depth, discussing the various types of memory, the functions of different brain regions, and the strategies used to improve memory. We will also examine how memory loss can impact our daily lives, from impairing our ability to remember key facts to affecting our decision-making.
The concept of creativity is also often linked to cognitive psychology. Creative thinking is the ability to develop new ideas, perspectives, and solutions to problems. In this course, we will explore the various theories of creativity, such as divergent and convergent thinking, and the different factors influencing creativity. We will also discuss the various tools and techniques used to foster creativity, including brainstorming and the use of mental images. It can also help us to understand the underlying causes of creativity, such as our capacity to think abstractly, our ability to recognize patterns, and our capacity to think flexibly. This knowledge can help us to identify strategies to develop and nurture our creativity.
Another hottest topic in cognitive psychology is decision-making. Many people struggle with making decisions that are beneficial for their lives and society as a whole. The course will help understand the underlying reasons and causes of decision-making by providing insight into how decisions are made, the cognitive processes involved, and how psychological factors can affect decision-making (Duan et al., 2019). For example, the course will explore how emotions, biases, and group dynamics influence people’s decisions. Additionally, the system will examine how decision-making can be improved through cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and goal-setting techniques. By understanding the underlying processes associated with decision-making, students will be better equipped to make informed decisions that benefit them and their communities.
In conclusion, this course will provide valuable insight into the underlying reasons and causes behind the hot topics of cognitive psychology. We will explore how depression, memory loss, creativity, and decision-making are affected by our mental processes and how we can use this knowledge to our advantage. Additionally, we will gain an understanding of the various treatments available and how they can be used to manage these topics effectively. By understanding the underlying causes of these topics, I will be able to identify better strategies to prevent or reduce the effects of these cognitive issues.
References
Bastin, C., Besson, G., Simon, J., Delhaye, E., Geurten, M., Willems, S., & Salmon, E. (2019). An integrative memory model of recollection and familiarity to understand memory deficits. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 42, e281.
Duan, Y., Edwards, J. S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2019). Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of Big Data–evolution, challenges and research agenda. International journal of information management, pp. 48, 63–71. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268401219300581
Linda Searing. (2022, February 27). Depression affects about 280 million people worldwide. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/02/27/depression-worldwide/
Sanborn, F., & Harris, R. J. (2019). Cognitive psychology of mass communication. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315171494/cognitive-psychology-mass-communication-richard-jackson-harris-fred-sanborn
How Technology Shapes A Vision Of A Good Life Essay Example
Technology is fundamental to modern societies as it has revolutionized every sector. The dominance in technology use impacts a vision of a good life due to this novel advancement’s positive and adverse impacts. Fundamentally, technology attracts multiple benefits in the healthcare sector, environmental conservation, and the emergence of innovative home technologies. Moreover, the use of technology has created reinvention of various sectors, posing a chance of more growth in the next decade than in the past 100 years. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) platforms such as ChatGPT pose multiple benefits to academicians, politicians, and corporate individuals by aiding in content development. Such aspects portray the benefits of technology and shape a vision of a good life. However, technology attracts particular limitations such as potential accidents by intelligent vehicles (IV) due to over-speeding. This paper analyzes the impacts of technology to determine how technological advancement shapes a vision of a good life.
In the healthcare sector, technology has proved to be efficient and essential in improving healthcare outputs. Modern technology had improved patient safety and significantly reduced deaths. Markedly, information technology (IT) has immensely minimized errors in medical procedures since novel equipment and diagnosis methods help avoid errors, detect existing ones, and ensure urgent responses to procedural mistakes (Bates & Gawande, 2003). Hence, such an aspect improves caregiving, ensuring quality care and guaranteeing a good life. IT experts have developed advanced equipment that facilitates communication amongst healthcare practitioners. Computerized coverage models, digital assistants, and electronic healthcare records provide medical personnel with the necessary information to offer optimal services (Bates & Gawande, 2003). Therefore, modern technology has proliferated healthcare services and improved life quality, positively shaping the views on a good life.
Global leaders and environmental conservatists have focused on technology to counter the pollution menace. Fundamentally, global industrialization has heightened environmental pollution due to air pollution from industries, causing climate change (Alam & McNabola, 2014). This issue has attracted immense challenges to various sectors, including worsening healthcare outcomes. Environmental sanity is crucial in ensuring a good life. The use of technology to overcome environmental pollution shapes the views on a suitable life. Air pollution control measures have incorporated novel technologies to ensure efficiency in eradicating carbon dioxide composition in the air. For instance, the introduction of eco-driving technologies and IV vehicles have aided in minimizing air pollution by reducing emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and Sulphur dioxide (Alam & McNabola, 2014). Hence, people inhale clean air and reduce the risks of suffering from chronic respiratory conditions, marking a good life.
Modern ingenuity has initiated smart home technologies, which attract multiple benefits and shapes a good life. Smart home technologies have been critical in saving energy, a vital resource in modern life. Markedly, the European Union H2020 funding schemes on strategic energy and technology prioritized the need to use smart home technologies to enjoy safe, sustainable, and relatively cheap energy (Gram-Hanssen & Darby, 2018). Such an aspect denotes the importance of technology in the energy sector. Modern societies can rely on technological advancement to save on energy and enjoy a good life. Fundamentally, various sectors including the private and public institutions have adopted smart home technologies. The dominance in the use of smart home technologies shows its immense positive impacts on people’s lives. This novel model helps save on resources that institutions could use on energy, marking its relevance in ensuring a suitable and convenient life.
New AI models emerge frequently, bringing multiple benefits to various sectors. For instance, ChatGPT has proved essential in diverse sectors by aiding in content creation to politicians, business leaders, and academicians. Coursera chief executive officer, Jeff Maggioncalda admitted to using ChatGPT as a writing assistant (Horowitz, 2023). The model offers essential solutions to multiple problems in various sectors. Development of such AI models is crucial in societal advancement and making work easier. ChatGPT and other related platforms play a vital role in solving prevalent societal problems. Although some individuals perceive ChatGPT as unethical and likely to lead to joblessness among tutors, musicians, artists, coders, and writers, the model is essential in improving efficiency and eradicating errors in such jobs (Horowitz, 2023). Hence, technology will revolutionize all sectors, bringing numerous benefits to society.
Peter Diamandis supports the impacts on technological development in the coming years. According to Diamandis, technology will reinvent every sector and attract more growth in the coming decade than the one experienced in the last century (Corbyn, 2020). If technology attracts such advancement with such as short time, it will prove its efficiency in guaranteeing a suitable life. However, despite these positive impacts, technology attracts particular limitations, such as increased accident risks from IV cars due to over-speeding (Hu et al., 2021). Nevertheless, law enforcers have enacted and implemented policies that control technology use to prevent adverse impacts. Thus, the use of technology positively shapes the vision of a good life.
Conclusively, technology use positively shapes the vision of a good life due to the multiple benefits linked to advancement. Technology development ensures heightened healthcare systems and outcomes, ensuring improved life quality. Besides, technology aids in environmental conservation, energy saving through smart home technologies, and simplify content creation in the political, business, and academic fields through AI sites such as ChatGPT. Fundamentally, technology experts have opined imminent growth in the next decade due to the current technology use. Law enforcers must implement laws set to counter malicious use of technology and limit the adversities linked to modernization. Therefore, technology shapes the vision of a good life since it attracts critical benefits to core societal sectors.
References
Alam, M. S., & McNabola, A. (2014). A critical review and assessment of Eco-Driving policy & technology: Benefits & limitations. Transport Policy, 35, 42-49.
Bates, D. W., & Gawande, A. A. (2003). Improving safety with information technology. New England journal of medicine, 348(25), 2526-2534.
Corbyn Z. (2020, January 25). Peter Diamandis: ‘In the next 10 years, we’ll reinvent every industry’. the Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/jan/25/peter-diamandis-future-faster-think-interview-ai-industry
Gram-Hanssen, K., & Darby, S. J. (2018). “Home is where the smart is”? Evaluating smart home research and approaches against the concept of home. Energy Research & Social Science, 37, 94-101.
Horowitz, J. (2023, January 24). ChatGPT isn’t coming. It’s here | CNN business. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/19/tech/chatgpt-future-davos/index.html
Hu, L., Zhou, X., Zhang, X., Wang, F., Li, Q., & Wu, W. (2021). A review on key challenges in intelligent vehicles: Safety and driver‐oriented features. IET Intelligent Transport Systems, 15(9), 1093-1105.