Each society mandates some characteristics that members must possess and certain actions that members must avoid in order to operate properly. Numerous prescriptions and prohibitions are universal throughout cultures, for example, the requirement that parents or designated guardians provide nourishment and security for youngsters. Numerous standards and ideals differ significantly among cultural contexts. All cultures teach children, and social constraints exist to guarantee that children become socially conditioned in a somewhat way that each successive generation inherits the predetermined worldview and behavior patterns. Correlational statistics are used to illustrate relationships between parenting and child traits. Maccoby underlined Baumrind’s important observation that children whose parents are proactive and stern are superior in terms of competence and cooperation than children whose parents are authoritarian or indulgent. These results established that authoritative parenting helps children, while overlooking the notion that the causal relationship flows in the other direction— that capable, cooperative youngsters assist their parents’ ability to be stern and receptive. As a result, parents have an impact on their child’s conduct both within and beyond the household.
According to experimental interventions, children’s behavior can be changed by altering their parents’ child-rearing habits. Both within and beyond the house, children’s behavior is affected directly by parenting, as evidenced by these programs. A reduction in problem behaviors is seen in children randomly assigned to a treatment group vs. those not treated. These effects exist regardless of whether or not there is a genetic link between the resulting behavior under examination. This would include situations in which a child’s inherent predisposition to dysfunction is mitigated by competent, supportive parenting.
The parenting style selected by parents has a critical role in ensuring that children attain optimal results in terms of conduct, contingency, psychological wellbeing, and educational success. To achieve her conclusion, the author analyzed three distinct kinds of parenting styles and their effect. The primary conclusion drawn from this evaluation of the evidence is that guiding parenting methods result in better results for children than controlling or permitting parenting approaches. Controlling parents lack compassion for their children and impose their regulations via physical punishment. They don’t care about their children’s choices since they expect them to obey them without explanation. On the other hand, permissive parents display strong maternal inclinations and accommodate to the desires of their children by not setting boundaries. Allowing parents to act freely may result in serious repercussions if they become dissatisfied with their inability to exercise parental authority over their children. The ideal parent role model, guiding parents, strike a balance between controlling and permissive. Parent guides establish clear norms, structure, and acceptable expectations and provide enough support for their children while promoting their independence. The author’s conclusions support my viewpoint on how parenting styles can influence a child’s character since it forms the overall basis for college enrollment, future parenting approaches and adult life satisfaction of children. As according developmental theories, children develop their personalities as a result of social interactions with their environment, which includes their parents, classmates, and instructors. The author performed a research based on this assumption to evaluate the social impacts on the formation of character based on children’s involvement at home and school. She examined exactly how good and bad parenting affect adolescents’ character qualities, as well as the interactions between a children and his teachers and other students. Based on the child and the parent perspective, a survey was used to gather information on parental variables, school factors, and teenage character traits. The findings indicated that parents exhibited exceptional parenting skills, as measured by perceived behavioral control, motivation, and a positive bond between parents and children, had a positive impact with teenagers’ character traits. Character attributes such as kindness, affection and consciousness were significantly impacted by the authoritarian parenting style. Thus, effective parenting may serve as an example for children to emulate and follow. Parenting practices that promote the development of children’s character are beneficial when they are integrated.
References
Maccoby. E. Eleanor. Parenting and its Effects on Children: On Reading and Misreading Behavior Genetics. Annual Review of Psychology, 2000, 10.1146/annual.psych.51.1.1.
Merlin, Clare; Okerson, Justine Rebecca; and Hess, Phillip. How Parenting Style Influences Children: A Review of Controlling, Guiding, and Permitting Parenting Styles on Children’s Behavior, Risk Taking, Mental Health, and Academic Achievement. The William & Mary Educational Review, 2013 Vol. 2: Article 1471.
Zhu X, Shek DTL, and Yu L. Parental and School Influences on Character Attributes Among
Chinese Adolescents. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2022, 10: 817471.doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.817
How Did The Great Depression Shape Migration And Immigration In The United States? Sample Essay
The immediate impact of the great depression on migration and immigration began before the slump itself; the impact was more significant on mass migration. Most of these migrants were farmers who had experienced low agricultural profits in the 1920s.[1]. The peasants and their families had a vow not to return to the great depression. In the 1930s, the farmers moved to the west to places like California and Colorado, leaving the unproductive land behind. Those in the metropolitan areas were left searching for better paths abroad when the stores, industries, and America started closing. Most immigrants moved to the United States since the depression could no longer provide working options. There was an increased worry in the competition of limited jobs in the United States. The government was forced to impose some limitations on immigrants and drive out those already in America to easen the competition.[2]. This essay will base its discussion on how the great depression influenced migration and immigration in the United States.
The vast plains commencing in 1932 suffered continuous droughts making the land farmers utilized unsuited for the job.[3]. In this area, they had already become devasted by the dropping of the crop prices and home foreclosures through the years; to survive, they had to move to the west in search of better sites for harvest.[4]. The migration was high in this region. It was seen as a departure. Oklahoma lost 440,000 individuals, or a full 18.4 percent of its 1930 population, to outmigration.”[5]. The migrants were headed west to California, hoping to find better farms to work on. Inhabitants of the urban areas left the jobless metropolis and moved to the rural areas searching for job opportunities. Due to the economic crisis, This movement led to reduced work possibilities for all American citizens; the state was forced to provide for itself. The increased relocation of American citizens to neighboring states brought about “border blockades.”[6]. The introduced notion reduced relocation to other regions where employment was scarce. This was occasioned in Florida, California, Colorado, and in the winter season of 1935-1936.
The House Representatives attempted to examine the relocation since it had become a considerable concern. In 1940, Bertha McCall, the senior general director of the National Travelers Aid Association and presented her conclusions on the topic among the house. In this primary source, she outlines who these folks who are moving are and why they are doing so. She writes, “The Federal transitory program statistics demonstrate that most of these persons were dynamic and active. Many of them had a firm social background and high educational qualifications. Apart from the fact that these people were non-Americans, they had no distinct characters from the group of Americans.” This comment is essential because it puts a face on these individuals connected to several other Americans, which can transform how Americans have perceived these migrants. When McCall was asked why people move, she answers, “…when [a family] gets up and leaves, [they do] so because it does not have enough to live on well where it is and believes that the next field is much greener than the one where it is, and it continues moving in that way.”[7]. This source is important it shows the extent of the migration issue. Bertha’s statements enlighten Americans on the simple fact that all these migrants were like them and were only trying to survive and have better lives in the new regions.
The shift that happened to foreign immigration into the united states resulted from the worry of the Americans on foreign laborers who were ready to work for even low wages during the significant depression period. This could bring about competition in the job market, which could be unfavorable to the Americans. This change took place when President Hoover’s administration changed the ways of issuing visas on the 8th of September in 1930.[8]. Visa applications become more strictly checked, providing room for rejection of most belonging to workers and artisans, and hundreds of them were deported.[9]. The most affected immigrants were Mexicans due to the pressure from the department of state to restrain immigration from Mexico in 1929. a motion was set by Hoover’s government, leading to returning hundreds of thousands of Mexican immigrants to their homes. Deportation activities took place in Los Angeles all around the southwest. Over half of the immigrants from California, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona had been deported. Others voluntarily returned to their native country between 1930-1940.most of the individuals were deported on arrival during this period due to the developed immigration antagonism resulting from unexpected employment shortage.[10].
In conclusion, immigration, especially the great depression, led to the growth of Americans to travel in quest of employment all across the nation. The Americans had worries about job prospects being taken by the immigrants. In addition, the slump generated the dread of immigrants bearing the few jobs available at low wages leading to the weakening of the economy more and more. The slump leads to a reduction in overseas immigration and increased deportation and movement from inside the country. All of those were factors in the increased collapse of the American economy throughout this period.
Bibliography
Adams, Ellen, and Amy Kohout. 1982. “19. American Empire | THE AMERICAN YAWP”. Americanyawp.Com. Https://www.americanyawp.com/text/19-american-empire/.
Locke, Joseph, and Ben Wright. 1965. Americanyawp.Com. Https://www.americanyawp.com/text/wp-content/uploads/Locke_American-Yawp_V1.pdf.
U.S. House of Representatives, Interstate Migration: Hearings before the Select Committee to Investigate the Interstate Migration of Destitute Citizens (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1940), 43-45, 60.
Bertha McCall, Bertha. 2022. “Bertha Mccall On America’S “Moving People” (1940) | The American Yawp Reader”. Americanyawp.Com. Https://www.americanyawp.com/reader/23-the-great-depression/bertha-mccall-on-americas-moving-people-1940/.
[1] Joseph Locke and Ben Wright, eds., The American Yawp (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2020), chapter 23, section 2.
[2] Joseph Locke and Ben Wright, eds., The American Yawp (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2020), chapter 23, section 6.
[3] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
[4] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
[5] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
[6] Adams and Ammy, American Yawp, Immigration.
[7] U.S. House of Representatives, Interstate Migration: Hearings before the Select Committee to Investigate the Interstate Migration of Destitute Citizens (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1940), 43-45, 60.
[8] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
[9] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
[10] Locke and Wright, American Yawp, chapter 19.
How Does The Plague Help To Inform Our Understanding Of The COVID-19 Epidemic? University Essay Example
The Plague by Albert Camus, published in 1947, parallels the present situation with the Covid-19 worldwide pandemic. The epidemic depicted in the novel shows a chillingly fast growth of the illness. In the beginning, the occurrence of rats dying throughout Oran appeared to be a mystery, but it quickly turned into an epidemic. As a result, the city’s citizens were suddenly cut off from their loved ones and the rest of society. The Plague’s quarantine period reflects the current coronavirus pandemic’s worldwide quarantine. The Plague is similar to current social distancing standards and other safety precautions that encourage people to isolate themselves from one another. These two epidemics have striking similarities in terms of how they develop and the emotional, psychological, and social toll they take on people who experience them. The novel’s pandemic is not only a representation of the actual sickness. Instead, it reflects how the Covid-19 epidemic causes disturbance in the normal course of events, such as severe mass suffering.
In his novel, The Plague, Albert Camus explores the transformation of people’s lives in Oran, a small seaside city in Algeria, after the outbreak of the Plague. The COVID-19 epidemic, possibly one of humanity’s biggest crises in recent history, forced the governments to implement various types of social lockdown (Conti, 226). The Plague in the novel served as a chilling prophecy of what people throughout the globe might expect then. The growing number of people infected with and dying from this illness had no apparent end. Therefore, despite the promise of a medical breakthrough to cure Covid-19, the world will have to navigate unknown areas for several years (Basu, 51). Covid 19, a global epidemic likened to Albert Camus’s “The Plague,” triggered worldwide panic. When we heard about The Plague in our global history lesson, we learned of the many fatalities, how unrestrained it was, and how no one, not even the authorities, could stop it from spreading. In our daily lives, both Covid 19 and The Plague have had a profound effect, influencing our future as a society.
According to Albert Camus’s novel, as the population of Oran began to decrease, it became more difficult to find workers to plough fields, harvest crops, and manufacture things. In this novel, compared to Covid-19, many individuals lost their jobs. Besides, it took a while for the Europeans to realize that the church alone could not keep things under control (Conti, 227). Today, in the United States, we are fully dependent on the government to assist us in stopping this. Having a team of medical professionals, they are aware of the actions we may take to prevent the entire population from being swiped away by Covid-19. Like Albert Camus’s “The Plague”, people have been confined to their homes (Franco-Paredes, 899). Therefore, to keep Covid-19 under control, we prevented its spread by avoiding social interactions. Many people spend days or even weeks without seeing their friends and family members that they miss so much. Before Covid-19 was contained through several measures, we had no choice but to remain indoors, even though we were all going nuts from boredom and a sedentary lifestyle.
Moreover, Covid 19 can spread as quickly and with the same negative consequences as in Albert Camus’s “The Plague“. However, ending this epidemic is easier now since we have a broader range of stakeholders with more improved technology than in the novel’s “The Plague“. As a result of advancements in technology and our ability to manage it, we are in a position to do so. It will not spread like “The Plague “because we have a head start on it. Various world governments have drawn on lessons learnt in Albert Camus’s “The Plague” (Bentley, 6). Since the world is familiar with something like this, they have utilized that knowledge to guide them in their approach to containing the spread of Covid-19. COVID 19 has inflicted and will continue to cause many fatalities, but it teaches us how to come together as a community via its actions.
Oran Town, Algeria, is the setting for the story in which the deadly and mysterious illness appears out of nowhere and spreads across the town, killing many people. When it comes to Covid-19, everyone expects that the problem will be resolved. The novel conveys a message of love, healing, and hope (Franco-Paredes, 899). The protagonists’ struggle to control the virus throughout the novel serves as the narrative’s central focus. The tale also depicts how the population’s morale deteriorates as the disease spreads across the city. Regardless of socioeconomic class or age, Oran inhabitants were killed by the disease. As a result, families have been torn apart, and many were forced to flee.
There is a parallel between the plot of The Plague and what is happening now with the Covid19 outbreak. By using a particular quarantine method to deal with the Plague, the government of the day could contain it more effectively in the fiction. Despite this, others question if freedom existed before this epidemic. This indicates how Camus was concerned with human characteristics like pain, human life, and death via his technique of conveying the novel’s message. In his story, Rieux foreshadows the gloom of the future and the unexpected reappearance of sickness (Bentley, 2). During the current coronavirus epidemic, Rieux’s message that life is unpredictable and that complacency is dangerous resonates strongly. A prominent theme in The Plague is how individuals are forced to expose their actual natures to themselves and others around them and whether or not this can only be done in a circumstance when life itself is in danger.
Several pandemics throughout history have shown how infectious organisms such as bacteria or a virus may quickly and effectively spread over a large area. Human deaths are only matched by the social disintegration, interruption of business, and general fear that ensues due to a disaster. When an epidemic spreads swiftly and abruptly, disturbing our daily routines, our lives and sorrows become instantaneously worthless (Franco-Paredes, 899). This is what Camus demonstrates in his story. But most importantly, Camus warns us that we can never be entirely prepared for pandemics in our thoughts or bodies. When a pandemic removes our life’s safety bumpers, all of the benefits of Knowledge and civilization’s progress are useless. Everyone aspires to escape the consequences of a terrible destiny because of the random distribution of suffering. When a pandemic like COVID-19 strikes, Albert Camus’s narrative reminds us of the immense respect and appreciation of the human spirit (Conti, 227). Numerous contemporary-day Dr Rieux has treated victims who have succumbed to this new disease with the highest expertise and respect.
As the epidemic wreaks havoc in Oran, the locals’ reaction goes from denial to logic to acceptance of the absurdity they confront. People in the community gradually come to terms with the fact that the disease is genuine and begin to feel a sense of loss and hopelessness. As they reflect on the connections they’ve lost, they find themselves in emotional isolation (Basu, 52). They hesitate to discuss their anguish with one another because they are afraid that it may not be unique to them despite the common nature of their plight. When it came to coronaviruses, people’s reactions evolved from early impatience to dread and alertness before finally succumbing to drowsy fatigue that pervaded the nation’s mind (Bentley, 2). People who felt the need to test death in this way opted to avoid wearing a mask and spend time with huge gatherings of people. Like those in the book who visit restaurants even though they should be staying away from one another, these individuals have an irrational belief that if they get the sickness, they would be less afraid of it.
In conclusion, the similarities between the Oran plague and the coronavirus pandemic demonstrate the commonality of the human reaction to widespread sickness. Covid-19 is an example of how individuals can be self-centered, as seen in the novel’s depiction of an epidemic in which each individual believed their plight was unique. As with Covid-19, countries were slow to act because they were convinced that the epidemic was confined to their borders and could not be contained. It is easy to see how people may be self-centered when they refuse to obey the rules set out by medical organizations. To combat this epidemic, it is necessary to be unselfish and adhere to the procedures set in place by the respective authorities.
Works Cited
Basu, Debasish. “The Plague by Albert Camus, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and the Role of Social Psychiatry – Lessons Shared, Lessons Learned.” World Social Psychiatry, vol. 2, no. 2, 2020, p. 51, 10.4103/wsp.wsp_67_20. Accessed 16 Apr. 2021.
Bentley, Wessel. “Reflections on the Characters of Dr Rieux and Fr Paneloux in Camus’ the Plague in a Consideration of Human Suffering during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, vol. 76, no. 4, 20 Oct. 2020, p. 7, hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/6087/16256, 10.4102/hts.v76i4.6087. Accessed 6 Dec. 2020.
Conti, Andrea Alberto. “Historical and methodological highlights of quarantine measures: from ancient plague epidemics to current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.” Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis 91.2 (2020): 226. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569636/pdf/ACTA-91-226.pdf
Franco-Paredes, Carlos. “Albert Camus’ ‘the COVID-19 Plague’ Revisited.” Clinical Infectious Diseases, 17 Apr. 2020, 10.1093/cid/ciaa454. Accessed 19 May 2020.