Beowulf is an Old English epic poem that dates back to the 6th century, about 1500 years ago. The poem can be traced back between 975 and 1025 when the tribe of Anglo-Saxons started migrating to England. The poem compiles events in historical and fictional elements of different legends in Anglo-Saxon. Therefore, scholars and historians named the poem after the main character Beowulf. However, Beowulf faces three major battles throughout the poem: Grendel, a giant monster who terrorizes Hrothgar, the king of Heorot, and the men in the city by killing and eating people for more than a decade. When Beowulf hears about Heorot’s trouble, he sets out on the journey from Geatland accompanied by14 trained men to o and assist Hrothgar in fighting Grendel. The second battle Beowulf faces is that of Grendel’s mother, a witch who hears about her son’s death and launches a fight for revenge. The third battle Beowulf faces is that of a fire-breathing dragon, angry because of the stolen goblet treasure. The dragon storms the city of Geatland, torching houses and killing innocent inhabitants. When Beowulf faces battle in his life, he uses the following character traits to overcome the monsters: bravery, loyalty, and diligence.
Beowulf shows bravery when he fights against Grendel in Heorot with no weapons. The first battle that Beowful faces are against a giant monster who had terrorized Hrothgar and his warriors. When everyone is asleep, Grendel comes to Heorot; he attacks and kills one of the Beowful men. Then Grendel attempts to kill and eat Beowful. However, he cannot manage. Instead, Beowulf grabs Grendel’s arm, equal to the mighty of 30 men, and rips off his shoulder and body; after Grendel is badly injured, he flees away. Beowulf is praised for his power by all men, and he hangs Grendel’s arm off the ceiling in the glory of his might.
Additionally, after the death of Grendel, her mother vows to avenge her son, where she comes to Hrothgar and finds everyone asleep after celebrating the end of Grendel. Grendel’s mother seizes one of the Hrothgar’s men and flees away with him. When Beowulf and Hrothgar men woke up, they found that one of the Hrothgar men, Aeschere, had been kidnapped. Beowulf portrays his bravery by going after Grendel’s mother for kidnapping Aeschere. He follows Grendel’s mother to the deep dark cave where he finds her. Beowulf launches a fight with Grendel’s mother, who is believed to be a water witch, where he attacks her with the sword made by the legendary smith Weland. To sum up, Beowulf shows his bravery by doing the unimaginable, like fighting the monster which killed people in 12 years and killing Grendel’s mother, who was believed to be a water witch.
Additionally, Beowulf portrays his loyalty when he sets out on the journey along with his 14 men to go and help King Hrothgar. Beowulf hears about the monster who has been terrorizing, killing, and eating people for the past 12 years. When he arrives in the Danes, he promises the king to help him fight against the monster. Loyalty remains one of his outstanding character traits. He promises to return the support his father, Ecgtheow, was given by king Hrothgar when he decides to help the king fight against Grendel. Beowulf also shows loyalty to Wealhtheow, the wife of king Hrothgar, when he tells her that he is determined to wage war against Grendel and defeat him even if it costs his life. Beowulf is indicating to Wealhtheow that he is loyal to the end. Beowulf says, ”And I shall accomplish my mission here in mead-hall and prove myself even if it will cause me to die” (Study.com, 2019). Therefore, Beowulf proves himself to be a loyal person by returning the help his father was given by Hrothgar when he helped him fight and kill the monster, Grendel.
Beowulf demonstrates his diligence when he fights Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the fire-breathing dragon. Beowulf proves himself that he is a persistent person who makes an effort to defend the kingdom. He shows this when he gathers a group of eleven bravest warriors with the thief who knows where the fire-breathing dragon lives. Beowulf and his men decide to stage a war against the beast. However, all of Beowulf’s men ran away, leaving him to fight alone with the dragon. Although Beowulf lost the fight after sustaining injuries and countless wounds, he did not give up the fight. In summary, Beowulf is a diligent person who fights until the end, even when the challenge is insurmountable.
In conclusion, bravery, loyalty, and diligence prove Beowulf to be a person of character. He defeats Grendel, the monster that had killed people in Danes for over a decade. Beowulf defeats the monster with his bare hands without any weapon. Grendel’s mother, believed to be a water witch, decides to avenge her son, but Beowulf defeats her with a sword leaving her dead. In addition, Beowulf stages a war with the fire-breathing monster that leaves him with injuries and wounds. The poem paints a picture of determination and resilience that we can borrow and incorporate into our lives to overcome any challenges that come our way, just as Beowulf overcame.
Works Cited
Loyalty in Beowulf – Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com. (2019). Study.com. https://study.com/academy/lesson/loyalty-in-beowulf.html
Best Communication Practices For Patients With Depression Essay Example
Sharing the PICOT Question
In patients with depression (P), how effective are decision aid tools (I) compared to no decision aid tools (C) in promoting better communication between depressed patients and nurses (O) within three months of testing such decision-aid tools and strategies (T)?
Completing a Literature Review
Despite an increase in the volume of published scholarship in the field of medical education and a steep increase in the number of journals that publish educational research, application acceptance rates have continued to fall (Haghani et al., 2022). One of the most common causes for rejection is the lack of a thorough, comprehensive, and current literature review that identifies a relevant issue and places the study in its correct context. The purpose of this editorial is to provide a road map with a plan and thorough instructions for organizing a literature review. Authors can increase the quality of their educational research and chances of publishing if they have a basic understanding of the processes involved in a literature review and follow a few key steps.
A literature review assists a researcher in “entering the conversation” by providing context, guiding methods, identifying advances, reducing the amount of duplicate research, and ensuring that professional standards are met. Many concerns presented by medical education research are related to the failure to do an excellent literature review. Repetitive research, a lack of theoretical underpinning, inadequate technique, and an inability to spread knowledge outside of a certain environment are examples of these challenges.
Reviewing Literature on Communication Practices Between Nurses and Depressed Patients.
The ability to communicate effectively is one of the most important components of nursing and a vital component of providing patients with high-quality care (Giles et al., 2019). After completing their bachelor’s degree program, nurses in Norway must achieve certain communication standards. The Norwegian National Curriculum for Nursing Education specifies these prerequisites. Nurses must display moral responsibility, sensitivity, and empathy when dealing with patients and their families. They must also be able to train and counsel clients, families, coworkers, and students, as well as skillfully engage with people of various racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds and personality types.
Nursing students who speak a language different from the majority of their peers may have significant challenges in developing their communication skills (Salamonson et al., 2019). Language proficiency is usually asserted to be required for effective communication. Good communication skills are a crucial component of the fundamental competencies required of nurses worldwide. These abilities are required for patient-centered care and nursing practice. The quality of care provided to patients is determined by how nurses and other medical personnel welcome them. Prior to working with real patients, nurses can practice their communication skills by using communication simulation.
Literature on Decision Aid Tools for Depressed Patients
Shared Decision-Making is a technique in which patients and doctors collaborate to pick a course of treatment while taking patient preferences and the best available information into account. It is recommended that decisions regarding depression treatment be made in this manner. While the patient’s preferences are considered when making treatment decisions, it results in higher patient satisfaction, a higher proportion of treatment completion, and better clinical outcomes. In the case of depressive individuals, having treatment options that are compatible with the alternatives may hasten the commencement of therapy and minimize symptom severity.
Over the last ten years, people have been encouraged to participate actively in the decision-making process for their own medical care. The shared decision-making model is one of the conceptual models proposed in this new patient-centered health care paradigm (Jeanne et al., 2019). The purpose of shared decision-making is for the patient and the healthcare practitioner to agree on a treatment plan or a diagnosis. This is performed through a process known as collaborative decision-making. Patients provide information about their ideas, worries, attitudes, and preferences on the outcomes of various treatment options during this conversation with medical professionals. Medical experts discuss the ailment, the benefits and drawbacks of various diagnostic or therapeutic techniques, and the available remedies. Shared decision-making is crucial when there is an inadequate scientific understanding of the effectiveness or safety of currently available treatments or when all of these treatments show a comparable balance of benefits and risks.
Patient decision aids, or DAs for short, are instruments designed to aid and promote group decision-making while also assisting patients in making well-informed choices (Marques et al., 2022). Worksheets for use with paper and pencil, videos, audio-guided workbooks, internet tools, and interactive software are among the media used to create these materials. These resources are accessible for use by the patient on their own or in collaboration with a healthcare provider. Patients are provided explanations of numerous therapy options as well as a summary of the benefits and drawbacks of each option based on scientific evidence. Patients should also think about their own values and preferences in light of the potential benefits and downsides of various treatment options, as well as how these aspects may affect their overall health and quality of life.
References
Giles, T. M., Hammad, K., Breaden, K., Drummond, C., Bradley, S. L., Gerace, A., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2019). Nurses’ perceptions and experiences of caring for patients who die in the emergency department setting. International Emergency Nursing, 47, 100789. DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2019.100789
Haghani, M., Abbasi, A., Zwack, C. C., Shahhoseini, Z., & Haslam, N. (2022). Trends of research productivity across author gender and research fields: A multidisciplinary and multi-country observational study. PloS one, 17(8), e0271998. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271998
Jeanne Wirpsa, M., Emily Johnson, R., Bieler, J., Boyken, L., Pugliese, K., Rosencrans, E., & Murphy, P. (2019). Interprofessional models for shared decision making: The role of the health care chaplain. Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 25(1), 20-44. DOI: 10.1080/08854726.2018.1501131
Marques, F., Josloff, K., Hung, K., Wakamatsu, M., & Sepucha, K. R. (2022). Decision aids and shared decision-making in urogynecology. Menopause, 29(2), 178-183. DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001901
Salamonson, Y., Glew, P., Everett, B., Woodmass, J. M., Lynch, J., & Ramjan, L. M. (2019). Language support improves oral communication skills of undergraduate nursing students: A 6-month follow-up survey. Nurse Education Today, 72, 54-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.08.027
Bias In The American Criminal Justice System Essay Sample For College
The American criminal justice system, according to a section of the population, is not flawed but operates just as its designers intended. The United States incarceration system is understood for its harsh penalties, notorious inmates, and guards who are just as culpable as the inmates they are supposed to supervise. Its second-most notorious device is the program for jail reform. The criminal justice system shows something different for a nation so eager to assert that its inhabitants are its first concern. There is a long and unsurprising connection between the US and criminal justice.
When the nation was first founded, policing did not exist. Given the impression that policing originated as a night-watch task that was occasionally used as punishment, a good number of Americans were indeed slow to embrace it. Slave patrol, which was initially established in 1704, essentially consisted of a continuous chase for liberated or fugitive slaves. As one would expect, slivers of an oppressive past will always be present in a police system whose origins are actively entwined with their perpetuation (Saltzburg 991). Despite its development and evolution, police have a history that many citizens are not fortunate enough to ignore.
Racism, bias, and socioeconomic class all have a bright and vital part to play in the incarceration process of an individual. For very many years, the US has been plagued by the controversy of whether or not there is racial prejudice in the criminal justice system. Even those who provide unfavorable responses are likely to admit a sense of racial prejudice exists in communities. The vice may be related to the idea that communities often compare their arrest and incarceration rates to those of the white population. The claim that the country’s Criminal Justice System is a biased structure should not be debated; rather, it should help determine how quickly this important institution requires fundamental reforms.
America has the highest imprisonment rate globally. Perhaps the most notable feature of the criminal justice system in the United States is the fact that it has a disproportionately negative impact on the lives and families of persons of African descent. To provide just one illustration, in 2017, the percentage of adult Blacks who were incarcerated was about six times higher than the percentage of adult Whites who were incarcerated. Over twenty-five percent of African-American males are incarcerated by the time they reach the middle of their thirties, and the rate of those incarcerated at any one time climbs to roughly two percent (Gottlieb and Kalen 14).
It has been hypothesized in both public and scholarly discourse that the United States’ participation in the slave trade is at least partially responsible for the present high rates of incarceration and the disparities that exist within the field. This argument claims, in a nutshell, that incarceration is a continuation of the usage of punitive institutions in the United States in order to construct a racial hierarchy. Slavery was the primary instrument used to maintain racial hierarchy until the time it was abolished (Alexander 2010). Soon after slavery was abolished in the United States, a new set of regulations known as the Jim Crow laws were enacted to preserve the existing segregationist order. After Jim Crow laws were overturned, a supposedly color-blind mass incarceration system was implemented to maintain the racial difference in the United States.
In examining whether certain fundamental demographic changes in the age structure across racial groups might help explain the incarceration rates in the United States, Campbell and Vogel, one significant element in the United States’ increased imprisonment rates is closely tied to demographic differences or the expanding gap between blacks and whites ages (51). This study showed that imprisonment rates rose along with ideological extremism and religious fundamentalism in areas with more significant age gaps between African Americans and whites. The authors analyzed how generational influences may affect law and policy and argue that historical causes define how communities react to later societal issues and suggest solutions. They contend that states with older white and younger black populations fostered harsher political and judicial practices (Keene). The society evaluates whether variations in the median ages of blacks and whites through time led to shifting imprisonment rates within states using decennial state-level data from 1970 to 2010. People contextualize racial bias within a larger body of work that has explored the intricate relationships between race, religion, political conservatism, and criminal justice (Campbell and Vogel 51). However, taking long-term transformation in social structure into account when analyzing more recent changes in legislation and policy.
Many individuals in the US criminal justice system, such as John Chisholm, the Milwaukee County District Attorney, have long been worried about racial inequality in American jails. In his home district, where blacks account for just six percent, the problem is particularly relevant since 37 percent of state jail inmates are blacks. Based on research from the Wisconsin-Milwaukee University, over two times the country’s average of 6.7% of the said population of working-age males were imprisoned at the time. Moreover, half of the County’s African-American males aged 30 and above have spent time in state incarceration facilities. More white accused were taken to court with substance possession compared to blacks, and more African-American female accused were more likely to be prosecuted than white counterparts (Toobin: Keene 71). Additionally, in cases relating to police arrest resistance or obstructing the same, most of the defendants charged were this minority group.
Currently, the criminal justice system in the United States seems to be stymied by competing demands. It has been shown, for example, that the jail administration willfully ignores court rulings that properly read the law. In the case “Brown v. Plata: The Struggle to Harmonize Human Dignity with the Constitution,” Justice A. Kennedy wrote the ruling for the Supreme Court of the US in the case of Plata, which established that even when prisoners are detained legally, they nevertheless have some level of human dignity. Consequently, even if it results in freeing some people from detention, federal courts should uphold the fundamental rights of detainees when they are violated. The contrasting verdict is the earlier instances when the federal courts just bowed to the decision-making of prison authorities (Krolikowski: Demleitner V. “Human Dignity 6). Plata resoundingly confirms the judiciary’s responsibility for upholding inmates’ rights, pointing out that notwithstanding prison officials’ protests and the undoubtedly radical nature of the proposed solution, the court’s inactivity in the face of continued and chronic constitutional breaches cannot stand.
The question is whether the recent adjustments signify a reevaluation of the penalties’ fundamental concept in favor of one that places a higher value on human dignity or if more financial security will reinstate incarceration. In the end, the question is whether rehabilitation and therapy concentrate on the person in regaining her liberties and status in society, or if they are only utilized as instrumental purposes to avoid crime and benefit society. Should the modified new method not increase public safety, the pursuit of efficiency and efficacy may swiftly lead the population to more imprisonment (Demleitner V. “Human Dignity 6). The long-term course is still uncertain, but at the very least, it is time for America to accept responsibility for the incarceration institutions built by treating the inmates as human beings and members of the greater society.
Works Cited
Campbell, Michael C., and Matt Vogel. “The demographic divide: Population dynamics, race and the rise of mass incarceration in the United States.” Punishment & Society 21.1 (2019): 47-69.
Toobin, Jeffrey. “How to Stop Mass Incarceration.” The New Yorker, 11 May 2015, www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/05/11/the-milwaukee-experiment.
Krolikowski, Benjamin. “Brown v. Plata: The Struggle to Harmonize Human Dignity with the Constitution.” Pace Law Review, vol. 33, no. 3, 2014.
Wheelock, Darren, and Douglas Hartmann. “Midnight Basketball and The 1994 Crime Bill Debates: The Operation of a Racial Code.” The Sociological Quarterly., vol. 48, no. 2, Southern Illinois University Press, 2007, pp. 315–42, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.2007.00080.xLinks to an external site.
Demleitner, Nora V. “Human Dignity, Crime Prevention, and Mass Incarceration.” Federal Sentencing Reporter., vol. 27, no. 1, Vera Institute of Justice,, 2014, pp. 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2014.27.1.1Links to an external site.
Gottlieb, Aaron, and Kalen Flynn. “The Legacy of Slavery and Mass Incarceration: Evidence from Felony Case Outcomes.” The Social Service Review., vol. 95, no. 1, University of Chicago Press, 2021, pp. 3–35,
Banking on Bondage: Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration.” American Civil Liberties Union, 2011, www.aclu.org/banking-bondage-private-prisons-and-mass-incarceration.
Keene, S. “The Influence of Implicit Racial Bias in Police Stops.” HeinOnline, 35 GPSolo 70 (2018), 8 Mar. 2021, heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/gpsolo35&div=80&id=&page=.
Saltzburg, Stephen A. “TERRY V. OHIO: A PRACTICALLY PERFECT DOCTRINE.” St. John’s Law Review., vol. 72, no. 3/4, St John’s Law Review Association, 1998, pp. 911–74.