Physical education serves a distinct but complementary role in the education of learners by improving their physical fitness and well-being while teaching a range of motor skills. It must contribute to the broader goals of education by fostering self-direction, self-esteem, and cooperative behavior. As a program, physical education focuses on teaching and practicing sport-related skills without the competitive element. Nevertheless, sport itself serves as an international language.
This part of physical education is practiced in various forms, both for recreation purposes and as highly competitive sport within a competitive framework. Sport is the niche where the skills learned in physical education can be utilized in a competitive environment, including skills in administrative organization, rules, and physical skills. All of these skills are practiced together with the common goal, usually to win. Additionally, the Plump-line test can help identify posture deviations of learners by observing them while standing beside a lump line.
This is typically a long, straight ruler-type line, perpendicular to the floor, where the child must stand beside it. The child will be observed from both the side and rear to detect any deviations such as Syphilis, Loris’s, and Scoliosis. To view from the side, follow a line through the middle of the ear and shoulder joint, slightly in front of the ankle bone, and observe for any abnormalities. To view from the back, follow a line through the middle of the head, vertebra, and middle of the buttocks, equidistant between the heels, and observe for any abnormalities.
Knowledge of the structure and function of the body is crucial in physical education as it provides insight into body mechanics, allows for early detection of posture and growth issues, and helps improve overall body strength. Additionally, integration of physical education with other subjects is necessary due to its advantages and benefits as part of the school curriculum.
Research has found that children learn certain academic concepts more effectively through motor activity compared to traditional teaching methods. Incorporating motor activity, such as games, can be highly beneficial in teaching mathematical principles like whole numbers, sets, the metric system, field proportions, and measurement. Furthermore, motor activity can be useful in teaching small motor skills in language learning, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Additionally, in social studies, where the physical environment and understanding different cultures are important, motor activity can assist in recognizing and exploring the diversity of people’s games, dances, and customs.
During health and safety lessons, physical education can be incorporated to measure heartbeat and breathing and emphasize the importance of a proper diet and exercise. In the context of art and culture, physical skills like dancing can be used to express emotions and ideas about oneself or the environment. Additionally, physical education can aid in understanding scientific concepts such as gravity, force, and levers. It can also explain concepts like wide bases, low center of gravity, and Newton’s laws of motion. In early childhood teaching progression, stages of development are seen as approximate time periods to acquire specific skills rather than rigid requirements. Learners in early primary school grades often exhibit characteristics such as physical immaturity, short attention spans, and limited experience in games, dance, and gymnastics. Therefore, they require ample exposure to these activities.
They should actively explore and understand the functioning of their bodies. Therefore, it is important to prioritize the concepts and skills related to movement. In the first and second grade, educators should focus on innovative and adventurous methods to teach the skills required in games and gymnastics. This should include both locomotor and non-locomotor skills, as well as various movement patterns. Dancing activities should encourage creativity, develop rhythmic abilities, involve singing games, and incorporate imaginative movements. Of course, each activity should be appropriately adjusted to the learners’ level of maturity and ability. Moreover, neglecting to assist injured learners may result in being charged with negligence.
Permitting learners to engage in risky games, inadequately instructing them, and taking unreasonable risks are all issues that need addressing. Additionally, proper organization of field trips is essential. To improve parent-community links and involve parents in the school’s sports program, follow these guidelines: prioritize good communication to avoid misunderstandings and obstacles, establish a preseason parent orientation program to prevent typical problems between coaches and parents. This orientation acts as a useful tool as it helps parents understand the goals of the program.
By allowing parents to become acquainted with you, you can inform them about the nature of the sport and its potential risks. Additionally, you can explain why you do not put pressure on children too early. Parents also get to know team rules, regulations, and procedures, as well as what is expected of athletes and themselves. This helps establish a clear line of communication between yourself and the parents, enabling you to understand their concerns. At our school, we elect a parent chairperson/contact person through which everything is regularly communicated from both sides.
Parents can be asked for help in managing the season’s activities. To communicate positively with parents, it is suggested to discuss the coach’s background and coaching philosophy at the first preseason meeting. Paying attention to logistical details, especially conflicts between practices and matches with other extramural activities, is important. Financial considerations should also be considered. It is recommended to ask about any concerns parents may have and involve them as much as possible in different aspects of the season.
Please ensure that safety and other important information, such as nutrition and equipment use, is explained carefully. Additionally, remember to hold a postseason evaluation meeting where any unspoken problems and evaluation of the previous season can be discussed in a positive manner. This meeting is a valuable tool for improvement and becoming a better coach. Furthermore, when setting goals, view them as stepping stones towards success and make sure they are accepted by the athlete.
In order to acknowledge success and determine necessary actions, goals need to be measurable. Additionally, goals should be regularly reviewed (monthly, weekly, or daily) for optimal effectiveness. It’s important for goals to be specific instead of vague or general. The review process should also establish a timeframe for achieving the goals. In my opinion, the use of various drugs such as stimulants, analgesics, steroids, diuretics, social drugs, and blood doping should be prohibited not only in school sports but also across all other sports.
It is currently necessary to support the assertion that going against the principles of fair play, honesty, and good sportsmanship contradicts what sports represent. As an athlete and sports enthusiast myself, there is no more disgraceful way to compete than when one party has an unfair advantage. Furthermore, we must protect young athletes from the temptations of substance abuse. Moreover, it is crucial to eliminate the harmful effects that certain drugs can have on an individual’s aggression from sports around the globe.
My Position In The Company And Solving Work Problems
Operational Manager, 6 development managers and 7 development officers and a central services team that covers 2 Cops (Sport and Westport). This flat organizational structure leads to high autonomy within our roles. My role within Westport is as a development officer working with the Children and Young People team. I am responsible for the delivery of 2 programs over 2 districts as well as managing the relationships within those districts.
Analysis of the problem One of the difficulties I encounter within my role is when distributing funding from the sportive program throughout the Caldera District. The sportive program is a EYE million Lottery funded London 2012 legacy project that gives young people the chance to discover a sport that they love. The programmer targets 11-25 year-olds who are inactive access to six-to-eight weeks’ of free or subsidizes coaching in a range of sports. After the six-to-eight has finished they will be supported to continue playing sport/staying active.
The amount of funding each district gets is calculated by the number of 11-25 year olds that reside with that district (including the student population). This method dictates that Caldera as a district has a relatively small amount of ending to distribute compared to Leeds, Bradford, Crinkles and Wakefield. This leads to each funding round being heavily oversubscribed. This oversubscribing can lead to number of bids being rejected which in turn can have a negative effects on the company.
Such as break down of essential relationships, create a bad reputation for Westport as well quality work within the district not being carried out. The bids that get rejected may be worthwhile but due to certain PESTLE factors the district can’t fund them. The PESTLE factors that determine what bids get funded are as follows: Political – As the funding comes from the government through Sport England projects that target certain target groups whom are underrepresented within sport need to be priorities (i. E.
Women and girls, BMW communities, participants with a disability and participants age 19+). Economic – Since sportive was first launched there has been an increasing number of groups submitting bids for sportive funding. This can be attributed to a number of financial pressures being placed on clubs/groups such as the cost of training up leaders and coaches has increased over the past few years. Less people are accessing activities hat they have to pay for which has led to decreased income for clubs.
When assessing sportive bids they must be able to demonstrate how their projects will be self-sustaining after the 8 weeks of sessions. If all bids that were submitted were funded by the sportive program it would maintain relationships with partners, lead to less officer time working with groups who were unsuccessful, offering all members of society the chance to partake in new activity rather than targeted groups (improved health across all groups). Investigation and identification of possible solutions to the problem
Problems vary extensively as do their solutions. Sometimes a problem and its solution are clear, but at other times, it may be hard to define what’s wrong or how to fix it. In order to really understand the problem there are tools that can be used to explore the problem further some of the possible methods/tools are outlined below. Regardless of what a problem is, you can use a six-step problem-solving model to address it. This model allows all problems (no matter if they are technical or issue based) to be look at in a structured, systematic way.
There are several infinite for using a structured, systematic approach to problem solving, such as to ensure consistency, to help manage the group process, to solve problems effectively and to build a clear case for change. By following each step, there will be a greater chance that the solutions are a based on facts and objective. It encourages you to look deeper in to the possible cause(s), allows you to get input from others, to be creative when finding solutions, and to monitor your solutions to make sure they’re working.
So by following this model you’re more likely to come up with lasting solutions. The six-step model is a tried-and-tested approach. Its steps include defining a problem, analyzing the problem, identifying possible solutions, choosing the best solution, planning your course of action, and finally implementing the solution while monitoring its effectiveness. 1. Define the problem 2. Analyses the problem 3. Identify as many potential solutions as you can Choose the best solution 4.
Choose the best solution 5. Plan of action 6. Implement the solution Another tool that can be used to help identify multiple components to a problem is by using an Chickasaws diagram. This diagram helps to display the many potential causes for a specific problem or effect in a visual way as it is a cross between brain storming and a mind map. It is particularly useful in a group setting and for situations in which little quantitative data is available for analysis.
To use an Chickasaws diagram you first start with the root cause/problem at one end of the diagram and then identify possible factors that make up the problem such as; people, environment, methods, premises, equipment or materials. Once the Diagram has been completed you should then have a picture/idea f the full extent of the problem Once you have established all the factors that may have an impact on the problem you can then use certain tools to help or support the decision making process such as a decision making tree. A decision making tree is a methodical tool that can be used to aid decision making theory.
They can be particularly helpful in situations that may have multiple solution all that could lead to multiple outcomes. By using decision trees it allows us to investigate possible outcomes of each option and can allow the decision maker to view the risks and rewards of each option side by side as well as how each option could be affected by external factors. As with many problems they can have many causes but it can be difficult to determine what cause to tackle first. By doing a Parent analysis it can help to priorities the issues.
Parent analysis is a very simple technique that helps you to focus efforts on the problems that offer the greatest potential for improvement by showing their relative frequency or size in a descending bar graph. Praetor’s principle, the 80/20 rule, should serve as a daily reminder to focus your time and energy on the issues that really make difference. The 80/20 principle asserts that for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. This tool will quickly identify the major causes of a problem so that resources can be focused on the cause of issues with the most potential for improvement.
Another tool that can be used to help inform key decisions is by using a weighted criteria worksheets. This tool means that several options can be assessed against differing significant criteria, or against a single set of important factors. Factors/options can be weighted and scored appropriately. Evaluation of possible solutions Making complex decisions can be a time consuming process as it is imperative to making the right decision. Identifying and using the right decision-making tools/ processes can help managers to make more effective decisions.
Using a decision making tree will create a visual representation of all possible outcomes this method can also be versatile they can be used by programmers, technicians, troubleshooting as well as business and investment decisions. Also by using this method solutions are automatically priorities. But they can be employ and very time consuming, they require the person completing them to have a vast knowledge of statistics. This raises the possibility of having to train people to complete a complex decision tree analysis.
The costs involved in such training makes decision tree analysis an expensive option, and remains a major reason why many companies do not adopt this model despite its many advantages. So when solving a particular problem (particularly a non- mathematical problem) it may be worth investigating if a decision tree is worthwhile or if another method may save time whilst still supporting the session making process. Even data that is perfectly divided into classes and uses only simple threshold tests may require a large decision tree.
Large trees are not intelligible, and pose presentation difficulties as there is no fool proof way to predict the number of branches or spears that come from decisions or sub- decisions. Chickasaws can help in identifying possible causes of the problem but it does not offer any solutions or any analysis of the likelihood that a given cause is the real one. It also doesn’t point out which of the possible causes is most likely or most important. It would be advisable to not use the Chickasaws method alone for solving problems within the workplace but use it as a stage in your problem solving processes.
Weighted decision criteria worksheets can have the capability to deal with qualitative factors and also allows the decision making process to be transparent by external partners/colleagues therefore allowing decision making to reach a compromise. Unfortunately the majority of scoring systems used can be subjective so may not transfer from one team to another. Another negative aspect of using weighted decision making is it doesn’t take into account the call of relative underperformed in one criteria versus the extent of over- performance in another criteria.
It may be that certain managers prefer certain methods/tools or these methods/ tools can be changed dependent on the situation or used in conjunction with each other. Recommend implementation plan to solve the problem In order to solve or minimize the problem of oversubscribed funding bids I would suggest following the 6 the six-step problem-solving model alongside other problem solving and decision making tools. This in conjunction with building allegations with potential bidders using media lean communication techniques could lead to a reduced amount of bids, more targeted bids and better relationship with partners/colleagues.
By using tools in conjunction with each other it should lead to the best decisions being made. Consider the following tools to be best placed in finding a solution to the problem mentioned previously. The Chickasaws/fish bone diagram to help display the many potential causes and influences. Whilst assessing the bid against national criteria I will be using a weighted criteria worksheets which will allow be to rank the bids. But will also take into account that the weighted criteria may skew data if there is an underperformed or an over-performance in a criteria. Onto be using a decision making tree due to the number of bids that it will need to take into account and the complexity of the mathematics and possible outcomes. Will also concentrate on using media lean methods of communication as I will be meeting with all potential bidders or organizing local funding workshops to fully describe the funding criteria and offering support with the funding bid process or offering directing them to other possible funding pots if sportive is not eatable, this will maintain relationships with local partners whilst insuring that successful bid meet national guidelines.
Monitoring and evaluation Monitoring is not an end in itself. Monitoring allows programmers to determine what is and is not working well, so that adjustments can be made along the way. It allows programmers to assess what is actually happening versus what was planned. Type of monitoring technique will depend on the project but can include project records, formal surveys, interviews, direct observation, focus group discussions and mapping. For the sportive program we will use project records, formal surveys as well interviews with successful and unsuccessful bidders to ensure both the processes and projects run smoothly.
In order to ensure that evaluation of all processes and outcomes occurs as part of the project it will be built in to the GIANT chart that will be monitored on a regular basis. Action plan Action Outcome Resources Timescale Design GIANT chart for the sportive project All tasks outlined in order and shown against time scale This gives an instant overview of a project, its associated tasks, and when these need to be finished. Officer time 1 year before deadline – updated regularly Plan funding workshops Reduced number of weak bids received.
Child Support Issues
Two parent tutelary households are non a common facet of American civilization any longer. Many households have tutelary parents who have divorced and left kids in individual parent places. The facts presented here are intended to demo that statistics do non ever show the facts accurately. The U.S. Census Bureau says, “In 1998, an estimated 14 million parents had detention of 22.9 million kids less than 21 old ages of age whose other parent lived elsewhere. Custodial female parents represented 85.1 per centum of all tutelary parents while the staying 14.9 per centum were male parents. This has statistically been unchanged since 1994. About 25.8 per centum of all kids less than 21 life in households had a parent non populating in the place”.
The statistics for child support among tutelary female parents show that many tutelary female parents do non have kid support due to assorted grounds. The United States Census Bureau completed a study on the poorness degree of tutelary female parents in the clip period between 1993 and 1997, describing the consequences every two old ages of that period. In 1993, the poorness rate for tutelary female parents was 36.8 per centum below the national poorness rate norm. In 1995 and 1997, the poorness rates for the same group of female parents was 33.3 per centum and 32.1 per centum, severally.
I province these facts to turn out the point that, even though legal understandings were made to supply support for these parents, the tutelary female parents do non have equal fiscal compensation to prolong the minor kid in daily activities. However, the same Census Bureau reported in 1997, that the income was higher and the poorness degrees lower for those tutelary female parents and male parents who received all of the entire sum of child support due them in that calendar twelvemonth. The poorness rate experienced a dramatic bead from 32.1 per centum of the same twelvemonth to 15.2 per centum for those having full support payments. The facts show that tutelary female parents need the payments in order to supply an environment in which the child kid would non hold to be raised in poorness and pretermiting necessary things required for life.
Of the 14 million tutelary parents in 1998, 7.9 million had some type of support understanding or award for compensation for their kids. The staying 6.1 million parents had no kid support understandings or the understandings were pending.
Assorted grounds were attributed to the fact of 44.6 per centum of all tutelary parents non holding made legal or informal understandings. Majority of the ground was due to the parents experiencing that there was no demand for a legal understanding. The other grounds rounded out to be that the other parent could non afford to pay, or the other parent provided what they could.
When we view the authorities information that 6.2 million individual tutelary female parents do non have kid support, we cringe in incredulity, and inquire how tutelary male parents can be so detached to their kids. However, analyzing the information closer reveals a much different facet of why things are the manner they are. When the grounds for tutelary female parents non having child support, or non even holding a child support order to get down with, are examined, it becomes clear that “defaulter dads” are a rareness. Of the statistics put out in 1998, merely 13.3 per centum of the entire unpaid kid support was due to a tutelary male parent non being able to be located or the male parent non paying.
The aforesaid statistics on non-paying tutelary male parents represents that non all male parents abandon their duties or their kids. The repute for tutelary male parents is being ruined by the 13.3 per centum of male parents who can non be located or who are non paying a child support order. Most individual, tutelary male parents are good, loving people who will merrily care for and love their kids. However, we believe the worst of individual male parents, we accept the negative images of “defaulter dads” without inquiry, merely to happen out that they account for a really little minority of the population of tutelary parents.
The statistics show that both tutelary parties face jobs in having child support payments, in life with false statements, and trade with distorted facts. It was my non subjective to demo all angles of the issues between tutelary parents sing child support. Custodial female parents face utmost poorness at times, nevertheless, it was shown that it was non ever due to tutelary or individual male parent abandoning his duties. The legalities of every separate kid support instance far exceed what this simple study explains, but these facts presented here were intended to demo sides that people do non look to detect.
Bibliography
- U.S. Census Bureau. October 2000