There are different approaches to the definition and study of terrorism: a critical issue of the modern world. Indeed, it can manifest itself in various ways and occur at the state and international levels (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2016). In recent years, the government has made significant advances in the development and application of various counter-terrorism methods. However, despite this, civilians are still confronted with its manifestations, which are sometimes comparable in scale to warfare (Deflem, 2009). I agree that people should be more knowledgeable in this area, and this requires additional training. In my opinion, this should be done even at the school level. Thanks to this, people of the youngest age will not be lost in critical situations. This will contribute to their safety and, in some cases, even survival.
Terrorism is, undoubtedly, a criminal act aimed at civilians. It affects arbitrary groups of people, making it even more dangerous and intimidating. In any case, fortunately, the system of combating terrorism is now quite developed. The incident of September 11, 2001, indeed had a strong influence on it. After it, the country’s defense systems were mobilized, and the government began to develop new measures to prevent and combat terrorists. Thus, now citizens are, in general, sufficiently protected from potential threats. However, in my opinion, too many measures cannot be taken in such a matter. Even organizations like the FBI that are working on the issue continually might be missing out on something. Moreover, terrorists tend to invent new, unusual ways to commit crimes, making them more dangerous and powerful. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly monitor the situation and changes in terrorist actions to predict and prevent them in time.
References
Deflem, M. (2009). Terrorism. In J. M. Miller 21st Century criminology: A reference handbook (pp. 533-540). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2016). Terrorism. Web.
The Agency Agreement Between GC And George Tacy: Review
Agency contracts are requested because they allow businesses and individuals to hire agents who will act on their behalf. The following information will consider the details of the agency agreement between GC and George Tacy.
In some cases, it is inconvenient for businesses or individuals to perform particular actions. A possible solution to the given case is to hire an agent who will act on their behalf. According to Müller-Freienfels (n.d.), the situation above refers to “the relationship that exists when one person or party (the principal) engages another (the agent) to act for him” (para. 1). This relationship can be useful for both parties under various conditions. For example, an agency agreement is justified when the principal wants to sell a house that is on the other side of the country and hires the agent to do it.
When it comes to an agency agreement between GC and George Tacy, it is reasonable to comment on GC’s rights. In this case, GC is the principal because it has the legal capacity to define its recruiting and hiring policies. That is why the company has the right to hire an agent, Tacy, to make him find the computer, website, and IT employees. Furthermore, GC has the right to believe that the agent will express obedience and loyalty. GC’s other right is to expect Tacy not to follow his self-interest in the matters that are directly connected to the agency agreement between the parties (Sherman, 2018). Finally, GC has the right to terminate the agency contract when the company needs it (Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency, n.d.).
The agency agreement provides Tacy with specific duties, and the given section will explain two of them. Firstly, it refers to a fiduciary duty that is unique to agency law. According to this duty, the agent’s “responsibility is to subordinate his self-interest to that of his principal” (Chapter 20 Relationships between Principal and Agent, n.d., para. 31). It is different from general rule regulations when a party’s responsibilities and obligations are only limited by the terms that are mentioned in a contract. In agency law, however, a fiduciary duty is obligatory for Tacy to follow even if the agreement with GC does not have a specific clause that addresses the commitment.
Secondly, Tacy is also subject to general duties under the given contract. They are typical for all employer/employee contracts, and the duty of skill and care is among them. According to Restatement (Second) of Agency, Section 379, it is the agent’s legal obligation to perform their work with sufficient care and skill (Chapter 20 Relationships between Principal and Agent, n.d.). In other words, if Tacy does a sloppy job, it will mean that he violates his duty to the principal.
At the same time, it is rational to comment on what potential liabilities GC could face under the agency agreement with Tacy. On the one hand, it refers to contract liability when GC is held liable for contracts that have been made by its agent. However, this liability only emerges when the agent was adequately authorized to close these deals. There exist three types of authority, including express, implied, and apparent ones (Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency, n.d.). If Tacy is given one of these types of authority, his legal actions can result in the GC’s contract liability.
On the other hand, criminal law is another source of potential liability that GC can face. In general, GC cannot be held liable for Tacy’s unauthorized criminal acts (Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency, n.d.). However, appropriate liability will emerge when GC “directed, approved, or participated in the crime” (Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency, n.d., para. 37). There are some exceptions to this rule, including the use of child labor, offering low wages, exceeding maximum hour legislation, and others (Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency, n.d.). If Tacy participates in any of such cases, GC will bear criminal liability.
The information above has explained that Tacy can deal with a fiduciary duty and the duty of skill and care, while GC can face contract and criminal liabilities under the agency agreement between the parties.
The differences between employees and individual contractors.
When it comes to hiring George Tacy, it is reasonable to comment on whether he should be an employee or an individual contractor. It is mentioned that “an independent contractor is a person who contracts with another to do something for him but who is not controlled by the other” (Chapter 20 Relationships between Principal and Agent, n.d.). That is why it is possible to state that an employee is a more suitable option for GC. It is because the company has the right to control its employees’ physical conduct, performance, and obligations. If Tacy is an independent contractor, he will be able to set his own working conditions and requirements, which will not always be convenient to GC.
This information has demonstrated that it will be better if Tacy is a GC’s employee.
References
Chapter 20 Relationships between Principal and Agent. (n.d.) Chapter 20 relationships between principal and agent. Web.
Chapter 21 Liability of Principal and Agent; Termination of Agency. (n.d.). Chapter 21 liability of principal and agent; Termination of agency. Web.
Müller-Freienfels, W. (n.d.). Agency. Web.
Sherman, F. (2018). The definition of principal vs. agent. Web.
The Structure Of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Introduction
The study of the structure of DNA is important not only to biologist, but to every inquisitive mind and every person that is interested in knowing how this life we live is recreated. Many researchers have come up with findings which have contributed greatly to the body of knowledge, and to the understanding of the buildup of living organisms. The structure and functioning of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has a vital and important role to play in the transfers of traits from parents to their offspring’s and in the subsequent portrayal of these characteristics in the offspring.
The Structure of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a very large and elongated polymer consisting of sub units referred to as nucleotide monomers. Every single monomer consists of a base which is nitrogenous in nature, a sugar that is made up of basically five carbons, and a collection of phosphates. Deoxyribonucleic acid contains nucleotide bases, when the bases are collectively mixed, they are able to relate in a particular manner in accordance with their chemical composition: adenine interacting with thymine and cytosine interacting with guanine (Judson, 1996, pp.67).
Molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid consist of a couple of strands of nucleotide polymer, which are collectively twisted in to a helix orientation. The hydrogen bond provides the stability for the double helix pattern. This hydrogen bond is located in between the bases, as it is being programmed by their chemical similarity: adenine bonded by the hydrogen bond to thymine and in like manner, cytosine to guanine. This arrangement greatly enhances the strength of the molecule. As a result of this arrangement the subsequent folding and compression of the deoxyribonucleic acid molecule to form chromosomes is made possible.
The Structure and Function of DNA as the Molecule of Inheritance
The basic and most important function or role of the deoxyribonucleic acid in the body of an organism is to act as a store house of all forms of genetic information. The Deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is made up of genes, the function of the gene within the DNA is that of coding information, for instance a particular gene, will be responsible for coding a particular protein that will perform a designed duty in the multifaceted network of cells biochemical metabolism. Every activity that an organism is required to carry out is indicated in the deoxyribonucleic acid molecule: the time for the cell to build up, which cell will be built, and all information’s patterning to the life, and death of the organism are all embedded in the DNA.
Another important function performed by the deoxyribonucleic acid, is its ability to act as a medium of transferring information from a particular generation to another. When it is time for the cell to replicate the deoxyribonucleic acid helix divides, and each of the new divisions acts as a guide to make or produce a corresponding strand of the original cell. As a result of this, information’s in the parent’s deoxyribonucleic acid are transferred to the new offspring or cell. There are about forty-six chromosomes in humans; twenty three are inherited from the father and twenty three from the mother.
How DNA Structure Allows it Serve as a Molecule of Inheritance
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a helix of nucleotides which is made up of two strands. Each of the distinct pair of the nucleotide connects to a particular compliment. This arrangement gives way for inheritance because, each of the deoxyribonucleic strands has all that is required for a new strand to be produced. Or to simply put Deoxyribonucleic acid is a very big molecule, made of up of nucleotides. Each of the nucleotide consists of a phosphate collection. This set up documents information with respect to the structure of the subsequent generation that will evolve. This information is then transferred in the gametes, which is the source of inheritance. It is important to see the relevance of having two copies of a gene in one’s genome and that these two copies can either be the same or vary slightly. Cecil, (1994,pp.55) stated that “the combination of the two copies we inherit determines not only our own life, but also the life of our children”.
The Examination of how meiosis allows DNA to be divided into gametes
The separation of cells into two halves is made possible by meiosis. The new cells that are produced from the separation of the parent contain basically half the parent cells chromosomes (Rafael, 2010). The creation of new cells is made possible by the gametes, which must as a matter of necessity contain half of the original DNA strands, and again this must be through meiosis.
Mendelian genetics
Mendel’s findings are anchored on the observation that each characteristic that an organism posses, has a link with two basic types of genes referred to as alleles. In most cases the genes look similar, but at time they differ. If the two genes don’t look alike, they tend to influence the characteristics of the organism differently, these is because the genes have the capability of making donations in different ways, or one of the two might be dominant, overshadowing the other( Judson,1996,pp.25). The gene or allele that has been overshadowed is referred to as a recessive gene. And in a situation where there is dominance of a particular gene then only the characteristic of the dominant allele is noticed. And in this case the organism is referred to as been heterozygous, because there is a difference in the genes. In case of similar genes, the organism is referred to as homozygous. A mixture of two genes in organisms is known as the genotype. The genotype is also a major determinant of the characteristics of an organism. The achievement of Gregor Mendel is based on choosing appropriate traits, which make providence for him to arrive at the inheritance of personality with precisely two traits, with one of the traits overshadowing the other.
Conclusion
The findings on the structure, nature and function of deoxyribonucleic acid have enhanced the understanding of the procedure through which living organism develop. It has thrown light on the mystery of while human beings look and act the way they do. This has been made possible through the understanding of the principle of the transfer of genes and the structure of the DNA. Which is been described as being a very big molecule, made of up of nucleotides and each of the nucleotide consists of a phosphate collection. This set-up it is believed, documents information with respect to the structure of the subsequent generations or the unborn generation.
Reference List
Cecil, R. (1994). The Path to the Double Helix. Mineola, NY: Dover.
Judson, H. (1996). The Eighth Day of Creation. Plainview, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Press.
Rafael, B. (2010). The Structure and Function of DNA as the Molecule of Inheritance. Web.