The Motivation of Actions In Leo Tolstoy Anna Karen (1877), different characters are shaped by their experiences. Every decision they make affects their final destinies. Levin once said, “I believe the chief motive of all our actions to be, when all is said and done, our personal happiness. “(287) Nevertheless, I do not agree with Levin. In Tolstoy setting, people’s actions are not based on their personal happiness like Levin thinks. Kookiness views society needs as the standard of his actions. Levin strictly follows his rigid schedule, leaving no room for happiness.
Anna’s guilt from challenging social opinion and her love for Essayers force her to do things against her wishes. All of these illustrate that people’s actions are restrained by their responsibility to society. Responsibility to society is one of the factors that affect people’s actions. A noble, selfless figure acts to serve the public but not to satisfy his own desires, Just like Kookiness. Kookiness has the opposing view to Eleven’s argument about the motivation of people’s actions. Kookiness bears the burden of benefiting the whole public on himself.
Therefore, even though, Levin tells him that he “can see nothing in rural councils today that [can] contribute to [his] well-being” (287), Kookiness still urges him to take part in the council and “sacrifice your [Eleven’s] peace of mind, your [Eleven’s] vanity'(285) to reform council and better peasants’ living conditions. He convinces Levin to put effort in building the medical centers and schools for peasants as well. As Levin says, Kookiness “endows with the faculty of working for the general good. This shows that Kookiness works for the “general good” and not for his own interests.
Furthermore, Kookiness takes his actions based on what current society wants instead of his happiness. This is revealed in that he uses six years to write a book about Russians current status, and when it is no longer a focus of society, he immediately “devote[s] himself completely to the service of this great cause [which is Slavic Nationalism]”(888). The interesting fact is that he has been “one of the first to raise this question,” (887) but he put “so much love and labor” (887) to finish the other book because of public opinion. Similar to Kookiness, Karen cares more about social rules than his own feelings.
Karen is portrayed as an emotionless, cold fish. It is hard to tell what happiness is to him. Public opinion dominates his emotions. When Anna and Versions sit together, he does not find anything improper, but then “he notice that to the other people in the drawing room it seem[s] rather peculiar and improper, and for that reason it seem[s] to be improper to him” (168). This fact demonstrates that society views not only direct his action, but also change his feeling, which makes him unaware of what his own happiness is. He even values others’ opinions more regarding his own marriage.
Karen is slow to notice his wife Anna betrays him for Versions. Even after Karen catches it on, and agrees with Anna that she is a bad woman, he does not yell or become angry at her. He feels too much pain to have a public divorce. Karen asks Anna to still act as his wife because he has to “safeguard his honor” (373). His coldness determines that he cannot do things as what he wants. This reveals that Karen himself creates a strict schedule for his life. He arranges his work, dinner parties, reading, and philosophical discussions in a clockwork taxation.
There is no way tort him to suddenly take action tort his own interests. In addition to society rules, cultural opinion and love, instead of one’s own happiness, can also be motivations for actions. Anna, the main character in the book is described as a heroine figure who seeks true love. However, she feels guilty for betraying Karen. She calls herself “a guilty woman, a bad woman” (373). Because of this guilt, she cannot get rid of her marriage as she wants. Anna suffers for her guilt, whereas Bobolinks, who does the same thing, suffers not.
The guilt which is caused by the conflict of her behavior and what she is told drives her do things against her will. Anna’s love for Essayers makes her afraid that Karen will take Essayers away from her. Anna wants to leave with Essayers. However, after reading Keratin’s letter, she finds that she does not “have the strength to escape from her former position” (343). Knowing that “she would never know the meaning of the freedom of love” (343), and hat she “would always remain the guilty wife” (343), Anna still unwillingly decides to stay.
The chaos which is caused by the peasant revolution and the conflict between modern and traditional ideals in Russia determines that characters in Anna Karen, as aristocrats, are not able to always follow their own free wills. Living in a society, there are many things such as society rules, cultural opinions and responsibilities that stop people from doing things the way they want to. Forces in an unstable time characterize each figure but also combat them from gaining their own happiness.
Dal Lake Srinagar Sample
The lake is holding a entire catchment country of 337 km2. out of which Telbal-Dachigham is largest catchment ( 234 km2 ) . which is further divided into the Telbal-Dara ( 89 km2 ) and Dachigham National Wildlife Reserve ( 141 km2 ) sub-catchments. While most of the Dachigham National Wildlife Reserve is drained chiefly by Dachigham Creek ( perennial flows ) . which splits into smaller watercourse in its lower ranges: ( 1 ) Telbal Creek. ( 2 ) Pishpuw Creek. and ( 3 ) Meerakshah Creek. These watercourses enter the Hazratbal Basin of Dal Lake from the north-northeast. Lake Hillside catchment ( 46 km2 ) rises from 1582 m to 2924 m above sea degree.
High lifts in this catchment are largely bare. except for thin bases of Pinus. Deodar and Kail located on ridges and along southern inclines. Its lower inclines are being quickly developed for residential usage. and hotels. eating houses. and shopping promenades with associated parking tonss have been constructed in riparian countries adjacent to the lake. In comparing. Srinagar Centre ( 14 km2 ) and Srinagar North ( 24 km2 ) catchments are largely level and about wholly urbanised. being chiefly within Srinagar City. Major subdivisions of downtown Srinagar City are within the Srinagar Centre catchment. in which there are negligible countries of undeveloped land. Dal Lake has three mercantile establishments. one to the South. and two one to the West. The Dal Lock Gate and Nallah Amir Khan mercantile establishments are regulated by a weir system. and flow about twelvemonth unit of ammunition. while the Brari-Numbal escape discharges out H2O by gravitation into River Jehlum.
NeedThe lakes are capable to debasement from natural causes such as siltation and accretion of foods brought with the H2O fluxing in to the lake. However. human activity untempered with consideration for the environmental wellness of lakes has immensely accelerated their debasement. The causes lie both in the catchment every bit good as inside the lake. It begins with the alteration in the land usage. It consequences in stripping of inclines of tree screen. spread outing the country under agribusiness. building of residential and commercial composites in the environing country with liquid waste being discharged in to the lake.
Diversion of H2O that would flux into the lake for other intents such as irrigation and imbibing. and invasion of the lake and transition of land under H2O in to dry land by spread outing drifting gardens are other of import causes of debasement. Inside dal lakes people live. transport out cultivation in H2O and dispatch their waste in to the H2O organic structure. The effect of these and other activities for the Dal Lake. has been that debasement of changing grades has set in them. In position of the importance of Dal Lake and increasing menace to its preservation it is necessary to come up with assorted be aftering schemes which can assist us be after the milieus countries in such a manner that the dekaliter is preserved and restored to its original beauty.
AimThe aim adopted is to fix a assorted planning schemes which will assist to transform the unplanned into planned is such a manner that is Sustainable. Environment Friendly. Cost Effective and improves Ecology with minimal intercessions and supplanting and serves the diverse involvements of assorted interest holders involved ( hotel proprietors. shikara walas. houseboat inhabitants etc ) in an optimum mode.
ScopeThe range of the thesis has been limited to confines of the existent country of dekaliter includind the natation gardens and its catchment country. An attempt has beeb made to analyze the impact of colonies ( in and around ) on dal lake and come up with planning schemes for the same. The emphasis is to place the chief jobs and issues due to which dekaliter is deteriorating and come up with possible solutions for that. DATA IDENTIFICATION
Maps- current land usage and old land usage ( Beginning: TPO. LAWDA ) Population –Tables ( beginning: sda. lawda )Beginnings of pollution ( point. non point ) – maps. tabular arraies ( beginning: lawda. ueed ) Status of lake country1-reduction in H2O channel 2- fresh H2O inflow – maps. statictical informations ( beginning: lawda. tpo )
Corruption In Mexico
Introduction
It is hard to analyze many of the jobs presently traveling on in Mexico without the word “corruption” being thrown around. It is assumed that most authorities functionaries. Judgess. and police officers are on the return. either from each other. the public. or drug trusts. How has corruptness become such an deep-rooted portion of Mexican society. and why is it so hard – if non impossible – to stomp out?
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
In colonial times. the purchasing and merchandising of indulgences. of public offices and rubrics. military ranks trafficking. arrogation of goods. were day-to-day pattern. All these occur between affluent households and of class. all people linked with the Spanish Crown.
Rulers. civilians and ecclesiastical ever were seeking to advantage complexnesss of bureaucratic construction to do big lucks and got expensive belongingss.
After independency. the system continued because administrative officials needed some manner to do up for the deficits in their incomes from little revenue enhancement grosss.
“In most instances at that place merely wasn’t adequate money to pay for the services people needed. so corruptness developed as a agency of raising gross. although it has ever been more than a manner of funding authorities operations. ”
**In modern Mexico. this system attempts to guarantee that services are rendered to certain people. As in colonial times. it besides attempts to do up the deficit in wages. Mexican authorities functionaries say that corruptness is about a necessity in Mexico to keep order and stableness. It is seen as a manner of life. Equally long as most people feel they are acquiring their portion – even if it is through corrupt agencies – so it keeps the multitudes happy.
Another angle of corruptness in Mexico is the awful “silver or lead. ” meant as take the payoff or take the slug. This is a signifier of corruptness encouraged by fright. as opposed to societal credence or economic endurance. Many constabulary officers in Mexico are corrupt because they or their households are physically threatened by drug trafficking organisation ( DTO ) members.
*IDENTIFY PROBLEM IN DETAIL
1 Bureaucrats needed some manner to do up for the deficits in their incomes from little revenue enhancement grosss. 2 Many constabularies officers in Mexico are corrupt because they or their households are physically threatened by drug trafficking organisation ( DTO ) members.
Why it hasn’t been solved so far
So how does the disposal. which is so committed to cleansing Mexico of this endemic corruptness. carry through this end? The sad fact is. it can’t. Mexico is up against approximately 500 old ages of history ingrained into his people. It besides has two other major things working against it: the economic system and an organized offense crisis.
**If the mean Mexican citizen could do a just life by populating reasonably. so corruptness wouldn’t be seen as necessary. While corruptness exists in the United States ( and every state. for that affair ) . it exists to a much smaller extent because public retainers – for the most portion – earn a just wage with which they can do a life.
The Mexican economic system is the 12th largest in the universe. but the state has an highly high rate of underemployment. and most people do non gain what Americans would name just wages for their work. Unless economic conditions in Mexico better. the economic challenge to extinguishing corruptness will stay.
Solution
1. Mexico needs to implement powerful institutional solutions that change the inducement equation for authorities functionaries. Specifically. it should make a new. to the full independent and well-funded anti-corruption committee to work closely with civil society to supervise. investigate and catch error by public retainers. 2. The instruction in Mexico is a really of import point in the corruptness job. if we have an ethical and moral civilization. we would hold a honest and crystalline state. 3. This is a work for all the Mexicans.