If everything seems to be going well … you have obviously overlooked something.
To study & learn a subject best … understand it thoroughly before you start.
By definition, when you are investigating the unknown, you do not know what you will find … or even when you have found it.
Most research is a straight line from the tangent of a well-known assumption to the center of a foregone conclusion.
Newton’s First Law: Some days it’s better to stay in bed.
When all else fails, read the instructions.
You can never tell which way the train went by looking at the track … and you can’t steer a parked car.
The light at the end of a tunnel could turn out to be the headlight of an oncoming train.
Time is nature’s way of keeping everything from happening at once.
A man who slings mud, loses ground.
There are two kinds of people in this world: those who believe the world can be divided into two kinds of people, and those that don’t.
It’s not what you don’t know that hurts you; it’s all those things you know that aren’t so.
You can’t win them all, if you don’t win the first one.
If you’re able to keep your head when all about you are losing theirs, then you don’t understand the problem.
Winning isn’t everything; it’s the only thing.
The amount of sleep needed by the average person is ten minutes more.
When working toward the solution of a problem, it always helps if you know the answer.
Education is what you get from reading the small print. Experience is what you get from NOT reading it!The only way to discover the limits of the possible is to look beyond into the impossible!There’s plenty of room at the top, for those who are willing to spend the time and effort climbing!Success is a journey not a destination!The difference between smart people and dumb people isn’t that smart people don’t make mistakes. They just don’t keep making the same mistake over and over again!The only reason some people get lost in thought is because it’s unfamiliar territory!Minds are like parachutes. They only function when they are open.
Age is a notion of mind over matter; if you don’t mind, it doesn’t matter.
Even if you’re on the right track, you’ll get run over if you just sit there.
Some people drink deeply from the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
Use your head … it’s the little things that count!He who hesitates is not only lost, but several miles from the next freeway exit.
If you can’t convince them, confuse them.
A Different Kind Of Warrior
A Different Kind of WarriorThough he only appears in the Iliad for a short period of time, Patroclus and his death are of pivotal importance. Certainly he is one of the noblest characters the reader has seen in the Iliad, but, Patroclus appears to be a different kind of warrior. He is less tainted by pride. The person of Patroclus is best seen in the end of book 11 as well as book 16. His compassion was established earlier, when he puts aside his embassy to Achilles, to attend to the wounds of a friend. “He put his arm around Eurypylus’ chest/ And helped him to his hut” (11.882-883).
The audience can see his compassion again in the beginning of this book 16, when a weeping Patroclus begs Achilles to do something to help their dying friends. He comes humbly, begging for his return to battle. He accuses Achilles of being something heartless and impersonal. Patroclus’, in a fit says, “God forbid I ever feel the spite/ You nurse in your heart. You and your damned/ Honor! What good will it do future generations/ If you let is go down to this defeat/ In cold blood?” (16.33-37). It is easily conveyed that Patroclus’ compassion, and lack of pride, provides a direct contrast to Achilles’ great pride. Patroclus is also less tainted by the boastfulness seen in many of the Homeric heroes. When Aeneas and Meriones trade insults, Patroclus scolds his friend. He has no interest in boasting about great deeds.
For him, actions speak louder than words, and that is what he wants to portray. Patroclus not only gives the reader a contrast in warriors, he serves a bigger purpose. Homer uses Patroclus not only to bring Achilles back into the battle, but also to foreshadow the events to come. After hector had attacked Patroclus, with his last words he makes the promise that Achilles will kill Hector. With his last breath Patroclus says, “You’re not going to live long. I see Death/ Standing at your shoulder, and you going down/ Under the hands of Peleus’ perfect son”(16.892-895).
A prophecy of such a large magnitude prepares the audience for a climactic battle between the two greatest warriors. Homer uses the prophecy not to give away the ending, but to give the audience a taste of what is to come. Patroclus may not be the greatest warrior, or a well-known Greek, but Homer uses him perfectly as a key ingredient in his epic poem.
Karl Marx: The Philosopher Of The Proletariat
Karl Marx Karl Marx: Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818, in a place called Trier in Prussia. His parents were of Jewish descent, however they did not practice Judaism. In 1824 Karl’s father adopted Protestantism. Marx attended the university of Bonn and later the university at Berlin, where he studied in law, while majoring in history and philosophy. After his education, Marx associated himself with the “Left Hegelians,” along with Bruno Bauer, which were a group who formed atheistic and revolutionary ideas from Hegel’s philosophy.
The Young Hegelians practiced philosophical idealism. Here he first meet Arnold Ruge and Ludwig Feuerbach. In 1842 Marx and Bruno Bauer were asked to contribute to the Rheinische Zeitung, a German paper, in Cologne. At the time Marx started, the paper had only 400 subscribers. Marx in October of 1842, became editor-in-chief, and decided to move from Bonn to Cologne. As the paper became more and more revolutionary and widely read, the government decided to censor, and eventually suppress it.
The paper was banned in March of 1843. At this time, it had more than 3,400 subscribers from all over Germany. Karl Marx was married to his childhood friend Jenny von Westphalen, in 1843. Later in the fall of that year Marx along with another Left Hegelian, Arnold Ruge, moved to Paris and began publication of a radical journal entitled Deutsch-Franzosische Jahrbucher. However due to the problems in publishing such a radical paper, only one issue appeared.
Karl met his closest friend in September of 1844, when Frederick Engels arrived in Paris. Together they participated in the activities of many revolutionary communities. They formed the theory and ideas of revolutionary proletarian socialism, also known as communism. Also in 1844, Marx wrote a revolutionary book called the Holy Family. It is a materialist view of the history of man.
Basically, it was a critique on his former philosophy group, “The Young Hegelians.” It expressed the view of history being mans activities. “History’ is not, as it were, a person apart, using man as a means to achieve its own aims; history is nothing but the activity of man pursuing his own aims.” Finally in 1845 Marx was banished from Paris as a dangerous revolutionary. He wrote satirical poems for revolutionary-democrats. The paper, “Vorwarts”, was attack by reactionary papers asking for government banning or censorship, but instead they banned Marx from Paris. He decided to head for Brussels, where he and Engels joined, in 1847, a group called the Communist League. At the leagues request, Marx and Engels drew up the Communist Manifesto in 1848.
This is one of the most well known works of the pair. Once the Revolution of February 1848 took place, Marx was again banished, except this time from Belgium. He returned to France for the March Revolution, and then traveled to Germany where he published the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, from June 1, 1848 to May 19, 1849. Again Marx was banished from Germany, and again he returned to Paris. After the demonstration of June 13 1849, Karl Marx, was, yes, banished once again.
That would be the last time Karl Marx was banished anywhere. His last trip would take him to London where he would live for the rest of his life. Marx lived a hard life in London. If it had not been for the financial help from his good friend Engels, he would have not been able to continue his lifelong struggle. Marx got himself involved in political activity in the 1850’s and 1860’s with the revival of democratic activities.
Most of the important works written by Marx can be summed up by the results of the revolution in “The Class Struggle of France.” In these works Marx shows for the first time materialist dialec…..tics to the study of an entire historical period. Marx tells the entire tall of causes, character, and course of the French bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1848. In March of 1950, Marx tried to reorganize the Communist League. In his efforts to reorganize this League, he wrote several address for the Central Committee. These address’ outlined the need to continue this League and gave local branches slogans and demands. After a few more address’ the League was restored.
In 1951, Marx had no regular income. It was difficult for him to support his family. In the summer or that year, he became a correspondent for New York Times. Even then, income was irregular.
Because of such hardships, the Marx family lived in very poor conditions. The Marx were so poor that only 3 of the 7 children survived. Once on better grounds of living, Marx once again studied political economy. He worked with vigor to gain a true understanding of the economy. To do so, he even studied natural science and mechanical science.
Through his research, he critiqued Ricardo’s view on capital, the view that it is plainly wealth. Marx concluded that capital was “Capital is the sum-total of values which is again designated for the production, a sum not only of products nor even for the production of products, but a sum for the production of values.” This means that Ricardo’s belief is a sum of things. Marx’s belief is that capital is a definite social relation. The social relation coincides with the historical stage of commodity production. In 1857, Marx formed his revolution in political economy. Between 1850 and 1860, the volume of transaction in the world market doubled, railway was tripled, and banks boomed.
Marx, with his extensive background, predicted the over production crisis. There were sharp cut backs, massive close downs, numerous bankruptcies, closing markets, plummeting prices and the like. Marx wrote many articles revealing why the world wide capitalist crisis occurred. Marx’s view shows that capitalism is a cycle where over production is inevitable. Marx then wrote his manuscripts of economy. Marx also became the leader of the International Working Men’s Association, for whom he wrote the first address.
He also wrote resolutions and manifestoes for this group. Capital is book on the history and current economy. Capital was published in volumes. In the first volume he summarizes A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, a critique written in 1858. Marx also begins with an analysis of commodity.
The meat of capital is placed on exploitation of wage labor. Marx discovered the fact that it is not labor itself, but labor power that is the commodity which the worker sells and the capitalist purchases. This is the key discovery for the connection for the determination of the commodity value by labor. Capital also establishes two main points. The first is that the capitalist can increase the rate of surplus value by prolonging the working day.
This is absolute surplus value. The second is by increasing the intensity of the working day. This is relative surplus value. Marx covers every aspect of capitalist economy, and depicts every flaw. Though never completed, it is the work of his life time. On December 2, 1881, His lifelong wife passed away.
Marx’s health declined due to his strenuous work with the International and the Capital. And just more than a year later Karl Marx died peacefully at his home. Both were buried at Highgate Cemetery in London, where they still lie today. Marx has affected nearly all aspects, whether it be economy, politics, natural science, Darwinism, or even philosophy. His impacts have positively changed the world even still today, Marx’s ingenious is all around us.